a Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer Sheva , Israel.
Aging Ment Health. 2018 Sep;22(9):1223-1231. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1341469. Epub 2017 Jun 21.
Vision impairment is one of the most common disabilities among older adults, and it has a substantial impact on well-being. The present study constructs an integrative model to identify which variables derived from four dimensions of life (physical/functional, social, psychological and environmental) combined with sociodemographic variables explain the overall subjective well-being (SWB) visually impaired older adults living in the community.
A total of 121 severe visually impaired persons, aged 60 and over (M = 77.4, range 60-95), participated in the study. Personal, face-to-face interviews were conducted with participants at social centers or at their homes. Research tools consisted of valid and reliable questionnaires.
Five variables explained the older adults' variability in SWB: self-rated health, sense of meaning in life, functional independence in activity of daily living (ADL), sense of control of one's environment (Mastery) and the participant's age. The explained variance percentage was found to be high (61%). In contrast to expectations, social-environmental variables proved to be only of secondary significance in explaining SWB variability.
Variables derived from the psychological dimension appear more significant than the social-environmental variables in explaining SWB among visually impaired older adults. These variables should be considered when developing intervention programs intended to increase SWB within this unique population group.
视力障碍是老年人最常见的残疾之一，对幸福感有重大影响。本研究构建了一个综合模型，以确定哪些变量源于生活的四个维度（身体/功能、社会、心理和环境）与社会人口统计学变量相结合，可以解释居住在社区中的视力受损老年人的整体主观幸福感（SWB）。
共有 121 名 60 岁及以上的严重视力障碍者（M=77.4，范围 60-95）参与了研究。在社会中心或家中对参与者进行个人、面对面的访谈。研究工具包括有效和可靠的问卷。
五个变量解释了老年人 SWB 的变异性：自我评估的健康状况、生活意义感、日常生活活动（ADL）的功能性独立性、对环境的控制感（掌控感）和参与者的年龄。发现解释的方差百分比很高（61%）。与预期相反，社会环境变量在解释 SWB 变异性方面仅具有次要意义。
源于心理维度的变量在解释视力障碍老年人的 SWB 方面似乎比社会环境变量更为重要。在为增加这一独特人群的 SWB 而制定干预计划时，应考虑这些变量。
