Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
J Environ Manage. 2018 Jun 15;216:70-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.06.015. Epub 2017 Jun 19.
This paper aims to examine the influence of biochar produced from lawn waste in accelerating the degradation and mineralization rates of food waste compost. Biochar produced at two different temperatures (350 and 450 °C) was applied at the rates 10 and 15% (w/w) of the total waste to an in-vessel compost bioreactor for evaluating its effects on food waste compost. The quality of compost was assessed against stabilization indices such as moisture contents (MC), electrical conductivity (EC), organic matters (OM) degradation, change in total carbon (TC) and mineral nitrogen contents such as ammonium (NH) and nitrate (NO). The use of biochar significantly improved the composting process and physiochemical properties of the final compost. Results showed that in comparison to control trial, biochar amended compost mixtures rapidly achieved the thermophilic temperature, increased the OM degradation by 14.4-15.3%, concentration of NH by 37.8-45.6% and NO by 50-62%. The most prominent effects in term of achieving rapid thermophilic temperature and a higher concentration of NH and NO were observed at 15% (w/w) biochar. According to compost quality standard of United States (US), California, Germany, and Austria, the compost stability as a result of biochar addition was achieved in 50-60 days. Nonetheless, the biochar produced at 450 °C had similar effects as to biochar produced at 350 °C for most of the compost parameters. Therefore, it is recommended to produce biochar at 350 °C to reduce the energy requirements for resource recovery of biomass and should be added at a concentration of 15% (w/w) to the compost bioreactor for achieving a stable compost.
本文旨在研究草坪废弃物生物炭对加速厨余垃圾堆肥降解和矿化速率的影响。在一个容器式堆肥生物反应器中，将在两种不同温度（350 和 450°C）下制备的生物炭以总废物的 10%和 15%（w/w）的比例添加到堆肥中，以评估其对厨余垃圾堆肥的影响。通过稳定性指数（如水分含量（MC）、电导率（EC）、有机物（OM）降解、总碳（TC）变化以及铵（NH）和硝酸盐（NO）等矿质氮含量）来评估堆肥质量。生物炭的使用显著改善了堆肥过程和最终堆肥的理化性质。结果表明，与对照试验相比，生物炭添加的堆肥混合物迅速达到高温，使 OM 降解增加了 14.4-15.3%，NH 浓度增加了 37.8-45.6%，NO 浓度增加了 50-62%。在 15%（w/w）生物炭的情况下，观察到达到快速高温和更高 NH 和 NO 浓度的最显著效果。根据美国（US）、加利福尼亚州、德国和奥地利的堆肥质量标准，添加生物炭后，堆肥在 50-60 天内达到稳定。然而，对于大多数堆肥参数，450°C 下制备的生物炭与 350°C 下制备的生物炭具有相似的效果。因此，建议在 350°C 下生产生物炭，以降低生物质资源回收的能源需求，并且应将其以 15%（w/w）的浓度添加到堆肥生物反应器中，以获得稳定的堆肥。
