Parker I, Sumikawa K, Miledi R
Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1985 Jul 22;225(1238):99-106. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1985.0052.
The retina contains several types of nerve cells that communicate through chemical synapses. The transmitter and receptor molecules that mediate signal transmission across these synapses need further characterization. For this purpose, poly (A)+ mRNA was isolated from bovine retinas and injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes. Translation of the foreign mRNA induced the oocyte membrane to acquire functional receptors to kainate and, to a lesser extent, also receptors to glycine, gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA), aspartate and glutamate. Thus, the cells in the retina must contain different messengers coding for these neurotransmitter receptors. Activation of the kainate receptors opens membrane channels, generating an ionic current which has an equilibrium potential close to 0 mv. The current is well maintained during prolonged application of kainate, and hence these receptors may be involved in the neurotoxic effects produced by kainate in the retina.
视网膜包含几种通过化学突触进行通信的神经细胞。介导这些突触间信号传递的递质和受体分子需要进一步表征。为此，从牛视网膜中分离出聚腺苷酸（poly (A)+）mRNA，并将其注射到非洲爪蟾卵母细胞中。外源mRNA的翻译诱导卵母细胞膜获得对红藻氨酸的功能性受体，在较小程度上也获得对甘氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸的受体。因此，视网膜中的细胞必定含有编码这些神经递质受体的不同信使分子。红藻氨酸受体的激活会打开膜通道，产生一种平衡电位接近0毫伏的离子电流。在长时间应用红藻氨酸期间，该电流能很好地维持，因此这些受体可能参与红藻氨酸在视网膜中产生的神经毒性作用。
