Cresswell Jenny A, Ganaba Rasmané, Sarrassat Sophie, Cousens Simon, Somé Henri, Diallo Abdoulaye Hama, Filippi Veronique
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
AFRICSanté, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
PLoS One. 2017 Jun 22;12(6):e0179593. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179593. eCollection 2017.
Exclusive breastfeeding is among the most effective interventions for preventing child mortality. The objectives of this paper are to describe infant feeding knowledge and practices in Boucle du Mouhoun, Burkina Faso; to identify predictors of exclusive breastfeeding among infants <6 months, and consumption of soft, semi-solid or solid food among infants 6-11 months; to describe mothers' sources of information regarding breastfeeding.
A cross-sectional survey (n = 2288) of a representative sample of women aged 15-49 years with at least one live birth in past year took place during June and July 2015. Crude and multivariable random-effects logistic regressions were used to identify factors predictive of exclusive breastfeeding and consumption of soft, semi-solid or solid food.
30% of infants <6 months were exclusively breastfed; 67% of infants age 6-11 months consumed soft, semi-solid or solid food the day and night before the interview. 2% of infants age 6-11 months had a minimum acceptable diet. There was strong evidence of a positive association between knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding, nonetheless 60% of mothers who correctly identified that an infant should be exclusively breastfed for 6 months did not breastfeed their infant exclusively. Only 42% of mothers reported receiving advice on breastfeeding from a health worker, despite all mothers having contact with a health worker at least once during pregnancy or postpartum.
Given poor practices and low levels of knowledge, targeted interventions are needed to improve infant nutrition in Boucle du Mouhoun during antenatal, delivery and postnatal care. Most women now deliver in a facility in Burkina Faso; increased attention should be paid to ensuring that existing guidelines relating to support and counselling for infant feeding are adhered to. Factors such as social norms are also important and these should be investigated in more detail using qualitative methods.
纯母乳喂养是预防儿童死亡最有效的干预措施之一。本文的目的是描述布基纳法索穆洪省的婴儿喂养知识和做法；确定6个月以下婴儿纯母乳喂养以及6至11个月婴儿食用软质、半固体或固体食物的预测因素；描述母亲获取母乳喂养信息的来源。
2015年6月至7月，对15至49岁、过去一年至少有一次活产的女性代表性样本进行了横断面调查（n = 2288）。采用粗体和多变量随机效应逻辑回归来确定预测纯母乳喂养和食用软质、半固体或固体食物的因素。
6个月以下的婴儿中，30%进行纯母乳喂养；6至11个月的婴儿中，67%在访谈前一天白天和晚上食用了软质、半固体或固体食物。6至11个月的婴儿中，2%的婴儿饮食达到最低可接受标准。有充分证据表明纯母乳喂养的知识与实践之间存在正相关，但仍有60%正确认识到婴儿应纯母乳喂养6个月的母亲并未对其婴儿进行纯母乳喂养。尽管所有母亲在孕期或产后至少与医护人员接触过一次，但只有42%的母亲报告从医护人员那里获得了母乳喂养方面的建议。
鉴于做法不佳且知识水平较低，需要在产前、分娩和产后护理期间采取有针对性的干预措施，以改善穆洪省的婴儿营养状况。布基纳法索现在大多数妇女在医疗机构分娩；应更加注重确保遵守与婴儿喂养支持和咨询相关的现有指南。社会规范等因素也很重要，应使用定性方法进行更详细的调查。
