埃塞俄比亚北部 HIV 阳性母亲的纯母乳喂养及其相关因素。
Exclusive breastfeeding and associated factors among HIV positive mothers in Northern Ethiopia.
机构信息
Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia.
Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2019 Jan 16;14(1):e0210782. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210782. eCollection 2019.
BACKGROUND
It is estimated that sub-optimal feeding, especially non-exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6months of life, results in 1.4million deaths and 10% of disease burden in children younger than five years. Worldwide, it is estimated that only 34.8% of infants are exclusively breastfed for the first 6months of life, the majority receiving some other food or fluid in the early months. Besides, the Ethiopian demographic and health survey (2016) stated that the median duration of exclusive breastfeeding in Tigray region was 3.8 months which is shorter than the recommended duration. The main purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of exclusive breastfeeding practice and associated factors among HIV positive mothers in public hospitals of Tigray region, Northern Ethiopia.
METHODS
A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 9 to October 11, 2016, in public hospitals of Tigray region. Data was collected by using structured questionnaire using face-to-face interview among 304 eligible women through a systematic sampling technique. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Binary and multiple variable logistic regressions ("odds ratio") analyses were calculated with 95% CI and p value ≤ 0.05 as significance were used.
RESULT
Two hundred seventy (88.8%) of mothers practiced exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. Infant feeding counseling during antenatal care of last pregnancy [AOR = 6.9, 95% CI; 2.63, 17.99], knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding (AOR = 5.5, 95% CI; (2.12, 14.02] and attitude towards exclusive breastfeeding [AOR = 7.9; 95% CI; 2.96, 21.21] had significant association with exclusive breastfeeding practice.
CONCLUSIONS
A high proportion of mothers practiced exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. Infant feeding counseling, knowledge and attitude towards exclusive breastfeeding practice were the predictors of exclusive breastfeeding among HIV positive mothers. Strengthening infant feeding counseling during antenatal care and improving mothers' knowledge and attitude on exclusive breastfeeding is essential.
背景
据估计，次优喂养，尤其是在生命的前 6 个月非完全母乳喂养，导致 140 万儿童死亡和 5 岁以下儿童 10%的疾病负担。在全球范围内，据估计，只有 34.8%的婴儿在前 6 个月内完全母乳喂养，大部分婴儿在早期会接受其他一些食物或液体。此外，埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查（2016 年）指出，提格雷地区完全母乳喂养的中位数持续时间为 3.8 个月，短于建议的持续时间。这项研究的主要目的是确定提格雷地区公立医院 HIV 阳性母亲中纯母乳喂养的实施情况及其相关因素。
方法
2016 年 7 月 9 日至 10 月 11 日，在提格雷地区的公立医院进行了一项基于设施的横断面研究。通过系统抽样技术，对 304 名符合条件的妇女进行了面对面访谈的结构化问卷收集数据。使用 SPSS 版本 20.0 进行数据分析。使用二元和多变量逻辑回归（“比值比”）分析，并计算 95%CI 和 p 值≤0.05 作为显著性。
结果
270 名（88.8%）母亲在前 6 个月内实行了纯母乳喂养。上一次妊娠产前保健期间的婴儿喂养咨询 [比值比（AOR）= 6.9，95%置信区间（CI）; 2.63, 17.99]、对纯母乳喂养的知识（AOR = 5.5，95%CI; 2.12, 14.02]和对纯母乳喂养的态度 [AOR = 7.9; 95%CI; 2.96, 21.21] 与纯母乳喂养实践有显著关联。
结论
相当比例的母亲在前 6 个月内实行了纯母乳喂养。婴儿喂养咨询、对纯母乳喂养的知识和态度是 HIV 阳性母亲纯母乳喂养的预测因素。加强产前保健期间的婴儿喂养咨询，提高母亲对纯母乳喂养的知识和态度至关重要。
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