Gürtl-Lackner B, Gisselsson-Nord D, Vujanic G
Institut für Pathologie, Labmedicin Skåne, Sölvegatan 25, Lund, Schweden.
Institut für Pathologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Österreich.
Pathologe. 2017 Jul;38(4):278-285. doi: 10.1007/s00292-017-0312-y.
Solid tumors in childhood are extremely rare entities, which are usually treated in specialized centers. Diagnosis and therapy are carried out according to a joint European protocol, whereby the pathological evaluation and therapy are carried out according to international guidelines. For the correct diagnosis and/or therapy of most tumors, analysis of specific genetic changes is mandatory; therefore, tumors have to be adequately sampled for parallel genetic analysis during the pathological work-up. A second opinion reference of the histopathological assessment is part of the international guidelines. Neuroblastomas, congenital mesoblastic nephromas and rhabdoid tumors are examples of solid tumors in childhood that are not restricted to one organ and occur exclusively during childhood.
儿童实体瘤极为罕见，通常在专科中心接受治疗。诊断和治疗按照欧洲联合方案进行，病理评估和治疗依据国际指南开展。对于大多数肿瘤的正确诊断和/或治疗，特定基因变化的分析必不可少；因此，在病理检查过程中，必须对肿瘤进行充分取样以并行基因分析。组织病理学评估的二次意见参考是国际指南的一部分。神经母细胞瘤、先天性中胚层肾瘤和横纹肌样瘤是儿童实体瘤的例子，这些肿瘤不限于一个器官，且仅在儿童期出现。
