Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States.
Department of Zoology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya.
Elife. 2017 Jun 23;6:e25813. doi: 10.7554/eLife.25813.
Chromosome inversions suppress genetic recombination and establish co-adapted gene complexes, or supergenes. The 2La inversion is a widespread polymorphism in the species complex, the major African mosquito vectors of human malaria. Here we show that alleles of the 2La inversion are associated with natural malaria infection levels in wild-captured vectors from West and East Africa. Mosquitoes carrying the more-susceptible allele (2L+) are also behaviorally less likely to be found inside houses. Vector control tools that target indoor-resting mosquitoes, such as bednets and insecticides, are currently the cornerstone of malaria control in Africa. Populations with high levels of the 2L+ allele may form reservoirs of persistent outdoor malaria transmission requiring novel measures for surveillance and control. The 2La inversion is a major and previously unappreciated component of the natural malaria transmission system in Africa, influencing both malaria susceptibility and vector behavior.
染色体倒位抑制了遗传重组，并建立了协同适应的基因复合物，或超级基因。2La 倒位是 物种复合体中的一种广泛存在的多态性，是主要的非洲疟疾病媒蚊子。在这里，我们表明，来自西非和东非的野生捕获蚊子中，2La 倒位的等位基因与自然疟疾病毒感染水平有关。携带更易感等位基因（2L+）的蚊子也更不容易在室内被发现。目前，针对室内栖息蚊子的蚊媒控制工具，如蚊帐和杀虫剂，是非洲疟疾控制的基石。携带 2L+等位基因水平较高的种群可能形成持久的户外疟疾传播的储存库，需要采取新的监测和控制措施。2La 倒位是非洲自然疟疾传播系统的一个主要且以前未被认识到的组成部分，影响疟疾易感性和蚊子行为。
