Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), School of Public Health, Austin Campus, 1616 Guadalupe St, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
J Urban Health. 2017 Aug;94(4):470-481. doi: 10.1007/s11524-017-0167-9.
Physical inactivity is a known risk factor for obesity and a number of chronic diseases. Modifying the physical features of neighborhoods to provide residents with equitable and convenient access to spaces for physical activity (PA) is a promising strategy for promoting PA. Public urban recreation spaces (e.g., parks) play an important role in promoting PA and are potentially an important neighborhood element for optimizing social capital and liveability in cities. Most studies examining the effects of park availability and use on PA have focused on traditional, permanent parks. The aims of this study were to (1) document patterns of park use and park-based PA at a temporary urban pop-up park implemented in the downtown business district of Los Altos, California during July-August 2013 and May-June 2014, (2) identify factors associated with park-based PA in 2014, and (3) examine the effects of the 2014 pop-up park on additional outcomes of potential benefit for park users and the Los Altos community at large. Park use remained high during most hours of the day in 2013 and 2014. Although the park attracted a multigenerational group of users, children and adolescents were most likely to engage in walking or more vigorous PA at the park. Park presence was significantly associated with potentially beneficial changes in time-allocation patterns among users, including a reduction in screen-time and an increase in overall park-time and time spent outdoors. Park implementation resulted in notable use among people who would otherwise not be spending time at a park (85% of surveyed users would not be spending time at any other park if the pop-up park was not there-2014 data analysis). Our results (significantly higher odds of spending time in downtown Los Altos due to park presence) suggest that urban pop-up parks may also have broader community benefits, such as attracting people to visit downtown business districts. Pending larger, confirmatory studies, our results suggest that temporary urban pop-up parks may contribute to solving the limited access to public physical activity recreation spaces many urban residents face.
身体活动不足是肥胖和许多慢性疾病的已知危险因素。改变社区的物理特征，为居民提供公平和方便的机会，让他们在这些地方进行身体活动（PA），这是促进 PA 的一个很有前途的策略。公共城市娱乐空间（例如公园）在促进 PA 方面发挥着重要作用，并且可能是优化城市社会资本和宜居性的重要社区要素。大多数研究都集中在研究公园的可用性和使用对 PA 的影响，这些研究主要集中在传统的永久性公园上。本研究的目的是：（1）记录 2013 年 7 月至 8 月和 2014 年 5 月至 6 月在加利福尼亚州洛斯阿尔托斯市中心商业区设立的临时城市弹出式公园的使用和基于公园的 PA 模式；（2）确定与 2014 年基于公园的 PA 相关的因素；（3）检验 2014 年弹出式公园对公园使用者和整个洛斯阿尔托斯社区的其他潜在利益结果的影响。2013 年和 2014 年，该公园在一天中的大部分时间都保持着较高的使用率。尽管该公园吸引了多个年龄段的使用者，但儿童和青少年在公园里最有可能进行散步或更剧烈的 PA。公园的存在与使用者时间分配模式的潜在有益变化显著相关，包括减少屏幕时间，增加整体公园时间和户外活动时间。公园的实施使得那些原本不会在公园里度过时间的人（如果没有弹出式公园，2014 年数据分析中有 85%的被调查用户不会在任何其他公园度过时间）显著地使用了公园。我们的研究结果（由于公园的存在，在洛杉矶市中心逗留的可能性显著增加）表明，城市弹出式公园可能还有更广泛的社区效益，例如吸引人们光顾市中心商业区。在更大规模的、确证性研究进行之前，我们的研究结果表明，临时城市弹出式公园可能有助于解决许多城市居民面临的公共体育活动娱乐空间有限的问题。
