Nuclear Chemistry and Industrial Material Recycling, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Nuclear Chemistry and Industrial Material Recycling, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Waste Manag. 2017 Oct;68:508-517. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.06.015. Epub 2017 Jun 21.
Zinc (Zn) recovery from alkaline and zinc-carbon (Zn-C) battery waste were studied by a laboratory scale pyrolysis process at a reaction temperature of 950°C for 15-60min residence time using 5%H-N mixture at 1.0L/min gas flow rate. The effect of different cooling rates on the properties of pyrolysis residue, manganese oxide particles, were also investigated. Morphological and structural characterization of the produced Zn particles were performed. The battery black mass was characterized with respect to the properties and chemical composition of the waste battery particles. The thermodynamics of the pyrolysis process was studied using the HSC Chemistry 5.11 software. A hydrogen reduction reaction of the battery black mass (washed with Milli-Q water) takes place at the chosen temperature and makes it possible to produce fine Zn particles by rapid condensation following the evaporation of Zn from the pyrolysis batch. The amount of Zn that can be separated from the black mass increases by extending the residence time. Recovery of 99.8% of the Zn was achieved at 950°C for 60min residence time using 1.0L/min gas flow rate. The pyrolysis residue contains MnO and MnO compounds, and the oxidation state of manganese can be controlled by cooling rate and atmosphere. The Zn particles exhibit spherical and hexagonal particle morphology with a particle size varying between 200nm and 3µm. However the particles were formed by aggregation of nanoparticles which are primarily nucleated from the gas phase.
采用实验室规模的热解工艺，在 950°C 的反应温度下，以 5%H-N 混合物为载气，气体流速为 1.0L/min，停留时间为 15-60min，研究了从碱性电池和锌碳电池废物中回收锌（Zn）的方法。还研究了不同冷却速率对热解残渣中氧化锰颗粒特性的影响。对所生成的 Zn 颗粒的形态和结构进行了表征。对电池黑粉进行了特性和化学组成分析。利用 HSC Chemistry 5.11 软件研究了热解过程的热力学。在所选温度下，电池黑粉（用 Milli-Q 水洗涤）发生氢气还原反应，通过从热解批次中蒸发的 Zn 的快速冷凝，使得能够生产出精细的 Zn 颗粒。通过延长停留时间，可以增加从黑粉中分离出的 Zn 的量。在 950°C 下，停留时间为 60min，气体流速为 1.0L/min，可实现 99.8%的 Zn 回收率。热解残渣中含有 MnO 和 MnO 化合物，锰的氧化态可以通过冷却速率和气氛来控制。Zn 颗粒呈现出球形和六方体形的颗粒形态，粒径在 200nm 到 3µm 之间变化。然而，这些颗粒是由纳米颗粒聚集形成的，这些纳米颗粒主要是从气相中形核的。
