Roebuck Hettie, Guo Kun, Bourke Patrick
1 School of Psychology, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.
2 Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2018 Aug;71(8):1663-1671. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2017.1345959. Epub 2018 Jan 1.
Careful systematic tests of hearing ability may miss the cognitive consequences of sub-optimal hearing when listening in the real world. In Experiment 1, sub-optimal hearing is simulated by presenting an audiobook at a quiet but discriminable level over 50 min. Recall of facts, words and inferences are assessed and performance compared to another group at a comfortable listening volume. At the quiet intensity, participants are able to detect, discriminate and identify spoken words but do so at a cost to sequential accuracy and fact recall when attention must be sustained over time. To exclude other interpretations, the effects are studied in Experiment 2 by comparing recall to the same sentences presented in isolation. Here, the differences disappear. The results demonstrate that the cognitive consequences of listening at low volume arise when sustained attention is demanded over time.
在现实世界中聆听时，对听力能力进行仔细的系统测试可能会忽略听力欠佳所带来的认知后果。在实验1中，通过在50分钟内以安静但可辨别的音量播放有声读物来模拟听力欠佳的情况。评估对事实、单词和推理的回忆，并将表现与另一组以舒适聆听音量收听的人进行比较。在安静的强度下，参与者能够检测、辨别和识别口语单词，但当必须长时间保持注意力时，这会对顺序准确性和事实回忆造成一定代价。为排除其他解释，在实验2中通过将回忆与单独呈现的相同句子进行比较来研究这些影响。在此，差异消失了。结果表明，当需要长时间持续注意力时，低音量聆听会产生认知后果。
