Dual-labelled antibodies for flow and mass cytometry: A new tool for cross-platform comparison and enrichment of target cells for mass cytometry.

Antibody conjugates applicable in both conventional flow and mass cytometry would offer interesting options for cross-platform comparison, as well as the enrichment of rare target cells by conventional flow cytometry (FC) sorting prior to deep phenotyping by mass cytometry (MC). Here, we introduce a simple method to generate dual fluorochrome/metal-labelled antibodies by consecutive orthogonal labelling. First, we compared different fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies specific for CD4, such as FITC, Vio667, VioGreen or VioBlue for their compatibility with the conventional secondary MAXPAR labelling protocol. After labelling with Pr, the fluorescence emission spectra of all fluorochromes investigated retained their characteristics, and CD4 dual conjugates (DCs) provided consistent results in immune phenotyping assays performed by FC and MC. The phenotypical composition of CD4 T-cells was maintained after enrichment by FC sorting using different CD4 DCs. Finally, magnetic cell depletion was combined with FC sorting using CD19-VioBlue- Nd, CD20-VioGreen- Sm, CD27-Cy5- Er and CD38-Alexa488- Nd DC to enrich rare human plasmablasts to purities >80%, which allowed a subsequent deep phenotyping by MC. In conclusion, DCs have been successfully established for direct assay comparison between FC and MC, and help to minimise MC data acquisition time for deep phenotyping of rare cell subsets.