Burnett J W, Gean C J, Calton G J, Warnick J E
Toxicon. 1985;23(4):681-9. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(85)90373-3.
Verapamil, a calcium antagonist, is effective in delaying death in mice after i.v. challenge with sea nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) or Portuguese man-o'war (Physalia physalis) crude venom. Death caused by these venoms could also be delayed by prior medication of the animals. Continuous EKG monitoring of sea nettle venom-challenged rats demonstrated that a single rapid injection of verapamil might require 4 min to be effective and that up to four repeated injections may be necessary to counteract the venom-induced abnormalities. Verapamil reduced the sea nettle venom-induced positive inotropic effect on isolated guinea pig atrial strips. These data further indicate the effectiveness of verapamil as a therapeutic agent against jellyfish cardiotoxins.
维拉帕米，一种钙拮抗剂，在静脉注射海荨麻（金黄水母）或僧帽水母粗毒液后对延迟小鼠死亡有效。这些毒液所致的死亡也可通过动物预先用药来延迟。对海荨麻毒液攻击的大鼠进行连续心电图监测表明，单次快速注射维拉帕米可能需要4分钟才起效，可能需要多达4次重复注射才能抵消毒液诱导的异常。维拉帕米降低了海荨麻毒液对离体豚鼠心房条带的正性肌力作用。这些数据进一步表明维拉帕米作为抗水母心脏毒素治疗剂的有效性。
