Subdural empyema in infant meningitis: diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis.

Collections of subdural fluid during the course of infant Hemophilus influenzae meningitis have been demonstrated in the past by routine subdural taps and, more recently, by computed tomography. While the fluid is usually a benign effusion, the clinical picture and CT pattern may suggest a subdural abscess (empyema) necessitating further subdural punctures. This is a review of nine infants with subdural empyema. As reported in the literature, a remarkably good prognosis is apparent following treatment with subdural taps and systemic antibiotics. Six of seven H. influenzae cases were ampicillin-resistant in this series.