Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 160 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
Department of Inorganic Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
Environ Geochem Health. 2017 Dec;39(6):1381-1395. doi: 10.1007/s10653-017-0004-9. Epub 2017 Jun 29.
Biochar application is a widely investigated topic nowadays, and precisely described biochar parameters are key information for the understanding of its behaviour in soil and other media. Pore structure and surface properties determine biochar fate. However, there is lack of complex, investigative studies describing the influence of biomass properties and pyrolysis conditions on the pore structure of biochars. The aim of our study was to evaluate a wide range of gathered agriculture residues and elevated pyrolysis temperature on the biochar surface properties and pore composition, predicting biochar behaviour in the soil. The biomass of herbaceous and wood plants was treated by slow pyrolysis, with the final temperature ranging from 400 to 600 °C. Specific surface ranged from 124 to 511 cm g at wood biochar and from 3.19 to 192 cm g at herbaceous biochar. The main properties influencing biochar pore composition were increasing pyrolysis temperatures and lignin (logarithmically) and ash contents (linearly) of biomass. Increasing lignin contents and pyrolysis temperatures caused the highest biochar micropore volume. The total biochar pore volume was higher of wood biomass (0.08-0.3 cm g). Biochars of wood origin were characterised by skeletal density ranging from 1.479 to 2.015 cm g and herbaceous ones 1.506-1.943 cm g, and the envelope density reached 0.982 cm g at biochar of wheat grain origin and was generally higher at biochars of herbaceous origin. Density was not pyrolysis temperature dependent.
生物炭的应用是当今广泛研究的课题，而准确描述生物炭参数是理解其在土壤和其他介质中行为的关键信息。孔隙结构和表面特性决定了生物炭的命运。然而，缺乏复杂的、有调查性的研究来描述生物质特性和热解条件对生物炭孔隙结构的影响。我们的研究旨在评估广泛收集的农业残留物和提高的热解温度对生物炭表面特性和孔隙组成的影响，预测生物炭在土壤中的行为。草本和木本植物的生物质采用慢速热解处理，最终温度范围为 400 至 600°C。木质生物炭的比表面积为 124 至 511cm³/g，草本生物炭的比表面积为 3.19 至 192cm³/g。影响生物炭孔隙组成的主要性质是增加热解温度和生物质中的木质素（对数）和灰分（线性）含量。增加木质素含量和热解温度会导致生物炭微孔体积最高。木质生物质的总生物炭孔隙体积较高（0.08-0.3cm³/g）。木质生物炭的骨架密度范围为 1.479-2.015cm³/g，草本生物炭的骨架密度范围为 1.506-1.943cm³/g，而源于小麦谷物的生物炭的包封密度达到 0.982cm³/g，通常草本生物炭的包封密度更高。密度与热解温度无关。
