Kenessary Dinara, Kenessary Almas, Kenessariyev Ussen Ismailovich, Juszkiewicz Konrad, Amrin Meiram Kazievich, Erzhanova Aya Eralovna
Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2017 Jun 8;24(2):213-216. doi: 10.26444/aaem/74562.
The Karachaganak oil and gas condensate field (KOGCF), one of the largest in the world, located in the Republic of Kazakhstan (RoK) in Central Asia, is surrounded by 10 settlements with a total population of 9,000 people. Approximately73% of this population constantly mention a specific odour of rotten eggs in the air, typical for hydrogen sulfide (HS) emissions, and the occurrence of low-level concentrations of hydrogen sulfide around certain industrial installations (esp. oil refineries) is a well known fact. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the impact on human health and the economic damage to the country due to HS emissions. Dose-response dependency between HS concentrations in the air and cardiovascular morbidity using multiple regression analysis was applied. Economic damage from morbidity was derived with a newly-developed method, with Kazakhstani peculiarities taken into account. Hydrogen sulfide air pollution due to the KOGCF activity costs the state almost $60,000 per year. Moreover, this is the reason for a more than 40% rise incardiovascular morbidity in the region. The reduction of hydrogen sulfide emissions into the air is recommended, as well as successive constant ambient air monitoring in future. Economic damage evaluation should be made mandatory, on a legal basis, whenever an industrial facility operation results in associated air pollution.
卡拉恰甘纳克油气凝析田（KOGCF）是世界上最大的油气田之一，位于中亚的哈萨克斯坦共和国（RoK），周边环绕着10个定居点，总人口达9000人。约73%的居民经常提到空气中有臭鸡蛋的特殊气味，这是硫化氢（HS）排放的典型特征，而且在某些工业设施（尤其是炼油厂）周围出现低浓度硫化氢也是众所周知的事实。因此，本研究旨在确定硫化氢排放对人类健康的影响以及给该国造成的经济损失。运用多元回归分析方法研究了空气中硫化氢浓度与心血管疾病发病率之间的剂量反应关系。采用一种新开发的方法，考虑到哈萨克斯坦的特殊情况，得出了疾病造成的经济损失。卡拉恰甘纳克油气凝析田活动导致的硫化氢空气污染每年给国家造成近6万美元的损失。此外，这也是该地区心血管疾病发病率上升40%以上的原因。建议减少向空气中排放硫化氢，并在未来持续进行环境空气监测。每当工业设施运营导致相关空气污染时，应在法律基础上强制进行经济损失评估。
