Cox Francis E G
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine,Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT,UK.
Parasitology. 2017 Oct;144(12):1561-1566. doi: 10.1017/S0031182017000956. Epub 2017 Jul 4.
The period 1875-1925 was remarkable in the history of parasitology mainly for the elucidation of the life cycles of parasites causing important parasitic diseases and the incrimination of vectors in their transmission. These discoveries were made by a small number of scientists working in the tropics a number of whom were Scots. Sir Patrick Manson, the discoverer of the mosquito transmission of filarial worms, was instrumental in directly or indirectly encouraging other Scots including Douglas Argyll-Robertson, David Blacklock, David Bruce, David Cunningham, Robert Leiper, William Leishman, George Low, Muriel Robertson and Ronald Ross, who all made significant discoveries across a wide spectrum of tropical diseases. Among these, William Leishman, Robert Leiper and Muriel Robertson were all graduates of the University of Glasgow and their achievements in the fields of leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, dracunculiasis and African sleeping sickness, together with subsequent developments in these fields, are the subjects of the ten papers in this Special Issue of Parasitology.
1875年至1925年这段时期在寄生虫学史上意义非凡，主要是因为阐明了导致重要寄生虫病的寄生虫的生命周期，并确定了传播这些寄生虫的病媒。这些发现是由少数在热带地区工作的科学家做出的，其中许多是苏格兰人。帕特里克·曼森爵士是丝虫病蚊子传播的发现者，他直接或间接地鼓励了其他苏格兰人，包括道格拉斯·阿盖尔 - 罗伯逊、大卫·布莱克洛克、大卫·布鲁斯、大卫·坎宁安、罗伯特·利珀、威廉·利什曼、乔治·洛、穆丽尔·罗伯逊和罗纳德·罗斯，他们都在广泛的热带疾病领域取得了重大发现。其中，威廉·利什曼、罗伯特·利珀和穆丽尔·罗伯逊都是格拉斯哥大学的毕业生，他们在利什曼病、血吸虫病、麦地那龙线虫病和非洲昏睡病领域的成就，以及这些领域随后的发展，是本期《寄生虫学》特刊十篇论文的主题。
