Verkhratsky Alexei, Zorec Robert, Rodriguez J J, Parpura Vladimir
Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain.
Adv Neurobiol. 2017;15:427-449. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-57193-5_17.
The most notable finding in neurodegenerative diseases is the progressive death of neurones cells. Yet, neuroglial changes can precede and facilitate neuronal loss. This is perhaps expected because astroglial cells maintain the brain homoeostasis, and are responsible for defence and regeneration, so that their malfunction manifested as degeneration or asthenia together with reactivity contribute to pathophysiology. Neuroglia may represent a novel target for therapeutic intervention, be that prevention, slowing progression of or possibly curing neurodegenerative diseases.
神经退行性疾病最显著的发现是神经元细胞的进行性死亡。然而,神经胶质细胞的变化可能先于并促进神经元的丧失。这或许是可以预料的,因为星形胶质细胞维持着大脑的内环境稳定,并负责防御和再生,所以它们的功能失调表现为退化或衰弱以及反应性,这都促成了病理生理学过程。神经胶质细胞可能代表了治疗干预的一个新靶点,无论是预防、减缓神经退行性疾病的进展还是可能治愈这些疾病。