Institute of Physiotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.
Institute of Nursing and Health Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2017 Nov;61(11):995-1002. doi: 10.1111/jir.12398. Epub 2017 Jul 3.
There is insufficient information on the prevalence of hypertension (HPT) among children and adolescents with ID.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPT in children and adolescents with ID in comparison with the control group, which accounted for children and adolescents without ID.
The study included 568 students with ID, aged from 7 to 18, attending special education institutions in southeastern Poland. The control group consisted of 568 students (matched to the study group for age and gender) without ID, attending randomly selected elementary and secondary schools located in the same area. Blood pressure was measured in compliance with the European Society of Hypertension recommendations.
The overall prevalence of HPT and pre-HPT in children and adolescents with ID were 18.5 and 20.6% respectively. Prevalence of HPT and pre-HPT in children and adolescents without ID were 5.8 and 18.5% respectively. Children and adolescents with a higher level of ID were found to be at a greater risk of HPT. An excessive body mass and older age were predisposing factors to a significantly higher prevalence of HPT in children and adolescents with ID.
The prevalence of HPT among students with ID was more than three times higher than in the general population. The level of ID, age, sex and body mass significantly correlated with HPT in the study group.
目前针对 ID 青少年中高血压（HPT）的流行程度，信息不足。
本研究旨在确定 ID 青少年中 HPT 的流行程度，并与对照组（无 ID 的青少年）进行比较。
研究纳入了来自波兰东南部特殊教育机构的 568 名年龄在 7 至 18 岁的 ID 青少年。对照组为 568 名无 ID 的青少年（按年龄和性别与研究组匹配），来自同一地区的随机选择的小学和中学。血压测量符合欧洲高血压学会的建议。
ID 青少年的总体 HPT 和 pre-HPT 患病率分别为 18.5%和 20.6%。无 ID 青少年的 HPT 和 pre-HPT 患病率分别为 5.8%和 18.5%。ID 程度较高的青少年患 HPT 的风险更高。超重和年龄较大是 ID 青少年 HPT 患病率显著升高的危险因素。
ID 青少年的 HPT 患病率是普通人群的三倍以上。ID 程度、年龄、性别和体重与研究组中的 HPT 显著相关。
