Mega Laura F, Volz Kirsten G
Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative NeuroscienceTübingen, Germany.
University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2017 Jun 20;8:1005. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01005. eCollection 2017.
Non-verbal signals such as facial expressions are of paramount importance for social encounters. Their perception predominantly occurs without conscious awareness and is effortlessly integrated into social interactions. In other words, face perception is intuitive. Contrary to classical intuition tasks, this work investigates intuitive processes in the realm of every-day type social judgments. Two differently instructed groups of participants judged the authenticity of emotional facial expressions, while their eye movements were recorded: an 'intuitive group,' instructed to rely on their "gut feeling" for the authenticity judgments, and a 'deliberative group,' instructed to make their judgments after careful analysis of the face. Pixel-wise statistical maps of the resulting eye movements revealed a differential viewing pattern, wherein the intuitive judgments relied on fewer, longer and more centrally located fixations. These markers have been associated with a global/holistic viewing strategy. The holistic pattern of intuitive face judgments is in line with evidence showing that intuition is related to processing the "gestalt" of an object, rather than focusing on details. Our work thereby provides further evidence that intuitive processes are characterized by holistic perception, in an understudied and real world domain of intuition research.
诸如面部表情之类的非语言信号对于社交互动至关重要。对它们的感知主要在无意识的情况下发生,并且能轻松融入社交互动中。换句话说,面部感知是直观的。与经典的直觉任务不同,这项研究调查了日常社交判断领域中的直觉过程。两组接受不同指导的参与者判断情绪化面部表情的真实性,同时记录他们的眼动:一组“直觉组”,被指导依靠“直觉”进行真实性判断;另一组“深思熟虑组”,被指导在仔细分析面部后做出判断。对所得眼动的逐像素统计地图显示出一种不同的注视模式,其中直觉判断依赖于更少、更长且更位于中心位置的注视。这些标记与全局/整体的注视策略相关。直觉性面部判断的整体模式与证据相符,该证据表明直觉与处理物体的“格式塔”有关,而不是专注于细节。因此,我们的研究进一步证明,在直觉研究中一个未被充分研究的现实世界领域里,直觉过程的特点是整体感知。