Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
Cell Stress Chaperones. 2018 Jan;23(1):45-53. doi: 10.1007/s12192-017-0822-9. Epub 2017 Jul 5.
African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis) endure bouts of severe drought in their natural habitats and survive the loss of approximately 30% of total body water due to dehydration. To investigate molecular mechanisms employed by X. laevis during periods of dehydration, the heat shock protein response, a vital component of the cytoprotective stress response, was characterized. Using western immunoblotting and multiplex technology, the protein levels of HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSC70, and HSP90 were quantified in the liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, lung, and testes from control frogs and those that underwent medium or high dehydration (~16 or ~30% loss of total body water). Dehydration increased HSP27 (1.45-1.65-fold) in the kidneys and lungs, and HSP40 (1.39-2.50-fold) in the liver, testes, and skeletal muscle. HSP60 decreased in response to dehydration (0.43-0.64 of control) in the kidneys and lungs. HSP70 increased in the liver, lungs, and testes (1.39-1.70-fold) during dehydration, but had a dynamic response in the kidneys (levels increased 1.57-fold with medium dehydration, but decreased to 0.56 of control during high dehydration). HSC70 increased in the liver and kidneys (1.20-1.36-fold), but decreased in skeletal muscle (0.27-0.55 of control) during dehydration. Lastly, HSP90 was reduced in the kidney, lung, and skeletal muscle (0.39-0.69 of control) in response to dehydration, but rose in the testes (1.30-fold). Overall, the results suggest a dynamic tissue-specific heat shock protein response to whole body dehydration in X. laevis.
非洲爪蟾（Xenopus laevis）在其自然栖息地会经历严重的干旱期，并能在因脱水导致其体内水分流失约 30%的情况下存活下来。为了研究非洲爪蟾在脱水期间所采用的分子机制，研究人员对热休克蛋白反应这一细胞保护应激反应的重要组成部分进行了特征描述。通过Western 免疫印迹和多重技术，在来自对照组和经历中度或高度脱水（16%或30%的总体液流失）的非洲爪蟾的肝脏、骨骼肌、肾脏、肺和睾丸中，对 HSP27、HSP40、HSP60、HSP70、HSC70 和 HSP90 的蛋白水平进行了定量。脱水会使肾脏和肺部中的 HSP27（增加 1.45-1.65 倍）和肝脏、睾丸和骨骼肌中的 HSP40（增加 1.39-2.50 倍）含量升高。肾脏和肺部中的 HSP60 会因脱水而减少（为对照组的 0.43-0.64）。在脱水期间，肝脏、肺部和睾丸中的 HSP70（增加 1.39-1.70 倍）会增加，但在肾脏中会有一个动态反应（中度脱水时，水平增加 1.57 倍，但在高脱水时，降低到对照组的 0.56）。在肝脏和肾脏中，HSC70（增加 1.20-1.36 倍）会增加，但在骨骼肌中（为对照组的 0.27-0.55）会减少。最后，肾脏、肺和骨骼肌中的 HSP90（为对照组的 0.39-0.69）会因脱水而减少，但睾丸中的 HSP90 会增加（增加 1.30 倍）。总的来说，这些结果表明，在非洲爪蟾中，存在一种针对全身脱水的动态组织特异性热休克蛋白反应。
