Tu Weijian, Xu Xianghua, Ye Tingcong, Cheng Zongmao
School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2017 Jul 4;17(7):1560. doi: 10.3390/s17071560.
Wireless charging is an important issue in wireless sensor networks, since it can provide an emerging and effective solution in the absence of other power supplies. The state-of-the-art methods employ a mobile car and a predefined moving path to charge the sensor nodes in the network. Previous studies only consider a factor of the network (i.e., residual energy of sensor node) as a constraint to design the wireless charging strategy. However, other factors, such as the travelled distance of the mobile car, can also affect the effectiveness of wireless charging strategy. In this work, we study wireless charging strategy based on the analysis of a combination of two factors, including the residual energy of sensor nodes and the travelled distance of the charging car. Firstly, we theoretically analyze the limited size of the sensor network to match the capability of a charging car. Then, the networked factors are selected as the weights of traveling salesman problem (TSP) to design the moving path of the charging car. Thirdly, the charging time of each sensor node is computed based on the linear programming problem for the charging car. Finally, a charging period for the network is studied. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can significantly maximize the lifetime of the wireless sensor network.
无线充电是无线传感器网络中的一个重要问题，因为在没有其他电源的情况下，它可以提供一种新兴且有效的解决方案。当前的先进方法采用移动车辆和预定义的移动路径来为网络中的传感器节点充电。先前的研究仅将网络的一个因素（即传感器节点的剩余能量）作为设计无线充电策略的约束条件。然而，其他因素，如移动车辆行驶的距离，也会影响无线充电策略的有效性。在这项工作中，我们基于对传感器节点剩余能量和充电车辆行驶距离这两个因素的组合分析来研究无线充电策略。首先，我们从理论上分析传感器网络的有限规模，以匹配充电车辆的能力。然后，选择网络因素作为旅行商问题（TSP）的权重来设计充电车辆的移动路径。第三，基于充电车辆的线性规划问题计算每个传感器节点的充电时间。最后，研究网络的充电周期。实验结果表明，所提出的方法可以显著最大化无线传感器网络的寿命。
