Thornberg Robert, Jungert Tomas
Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Child Youth Care Forum. 2017;46(4):559-575. doi: 10.1007/s10566-017-9395-0. Epub 2017 Mar 9.
Although callous-unemotional (CU) traits have been associated with bullying among children and adolescents, relatively little is known about whether each of the three sub-constructs of CU traits-callous, uncaring, and unemotional-are associated with bullying when they are considered concurrently in the analysis.
This study was the first to examine in a single model whether callous, uncaring, and unemotional traits are directly related to the perpetration of bullying and to harm-effect moral reasoning in bullying among children as well as whether these three CU traits are indirectly related to bullying mediated by harm-effect moral reasoning.
Self-reported data on CU traits, harm-effect moral reasoning in bullying situations, and bullying perpetration were collected from 381 children from 13 schools in Sweden. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses.
When all three sub-constructs of CU traits were included in a single model, greater callousness and uncaring were directly associated with greater bullying. In contrast, greater harm-effect moral reasoning was associated with less bullying. Moreover, greater callousness and unemotional were indirectly associated with greater bullying through the reduced use of harm-effect moral reasoning.
Our findings demonstrate that all three CU traits are important to address, although their associations with bullying took some different paths, and that callousness appears to be the most important CU trait in relation to bullying.
尽管冷酷无情（CU）特质与儿童和青少年中的欺凌行为有关，但对于在分析中同时考虑CU特质的三个子结构——冷酷、冷漠和无情——是否各自与欺凌行为相关，我们了解得相对较少。
本研究首次在一个单一模型中检验冷酷、冷漠和无情特质是否与欺凌行为的实施直接相关，以及是否会损害儿童欺凌行为中的道德推理，同时检验这三种CU特质是否通过损害效应道德推理与欺凌行为间接相关。
从瑞典13所学校的381名儿童中收集了关于CU特质、欺凌情境中的损害效应道德推理以及欺凌行为实施的自我报告数据。采用结构方程模型来检验假设。
当将CU特质的所有三个子结构纳入一个单一模型时，更高程度的冷酷和冷漠与更严重的欺凌行为直接相关。相比之下，更高程度的损害效应道德推理与更少的欺凌行为相关。此外，更高程度的冷酷和无情通过减少对损害效应道德推理的运用与更严重的欺凌行为间接相关。
我们的研究结果表明，所有三种CU特质都需要加以关注，尽管它们与欺凌行为的关联路径有所不同，而且冷酷似乎是与欺凌行为相关的最重要的CU特质。
