关于死亡与临终的沟通：为智障人士服务机构的工作人员开展培训
Communicating about death and dying: Developing training for staff working in services for people with intellectual disabilities.
作者信息
Tuffrey-Wijne Irene, Rose Tracey, Grant Robert, Wijne Astrid
机构信息
Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Kingston University & St George's University of London, London, UK.
Kent Community Health NHS Foundation Trust, Ashford, UK.
出版信息
J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2017 Nov;30(6):1099-1110. doi: 10.1111/jar.12382. Epub 2017 Jul 5.
BACKGROUND
Many people with intellectual disabilities are affected by death, yet conversations about death are often avoided by staff working with them. This study aimed to assess staff training needs and to develop, trial and evaluate a training course on communicating about death and dying.
METHOD
(i) Semi-structured interviews with 20 staff in residential/supported living services to establish training needs; (ii) three-one-day courses were attended by 114 staff and evaluated through questionnaires. The course consisted of World Café sessions, presentations and feedback by people with intellectual disabilities, and an expert teaching session.
RESULTS
Staff fear, cultural influences and inexperience with death-related conversations were major communication barriers. Evaluation of the course was overwhelmingly positive.
CONCLUSIONS
Intellectual disabilities services must have clear staff training strategies around death, dying and communication. More work is needed to assess the resource implications and impact on practice of different training methods and other support strategies.
背景
许多智障人士会受到死亡的影响，然而与他们一起工作的工作人员常常避免谈论死亡。本研究旨在评估工作人员的培训需求，并开发、试用和评估一门关于死亡与临终沟通的培训课程。
方法
（i）对20名居住/支持性生活服务机构的工作人员进行半结构化访谈，以确定培训需求；（ii）114名工作人员参加了为期三天的课程，并通过问卷调查进行评估。该课程包括世界咖啡馆会议、智障人士的演讲和反馈，以及一次专家授课环节。
结果
工作人员的恐惧、文化影响以及在与死亡相关对话方面的经验不足是主要的沟通障碍。对该课程的评估总体上是积极的。
结论
智障人士服务机构必须围绕死亡、临终和沟通制定明确的工作人员培训策略。需要开展更多工作来评估不同培训方法和其他支持策略对资源的影响以及对实践的影响。
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