Heeren G Anita, Jemmott John B, Marange C Show, Rumosa Gwaze Arnold, Batidzirai Jesca Mercy, Ngwane Zolani, Mandeya Andrew, Tyler Joanne C
a St. Joseph's University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA.
b University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa.
Behav Med. 2018 Oct-Dec;44(4):297-305. doi: 10.1080/08964289.2017.1350134. Epub 2017 Aug 4.
To evaluate the efficacy of a health-promotion intervention in increasing self-reported physical activity among university students in Sub-Saharan Africa. Randomly selected second-year students at a university in South Africa were randomized to an intervention based on social cognitive theory: health-promotion, targeting physical activity and fruit, vegetable, and fat consumption; or HIV risk-reduction, targeting sexual-risk behaviors. Participants completed assessments via audio computer-assisted self-interviewing pre-intervention and 6 and 12 months post-intervention. A total of 176 were randomized with 171 (97.2%) retained 12 months post-intervention. Generalized-estimating-equations analyses indicated that the health-promotion-intervention participants were more likely to meet physical-activity guidelines than were control participants, post-intervention, adjusting for pre-intervention physical activity (odds ratio [OR] = 3.35; 95% CI: 1.33-8.41). Health-promotion participants reported a greater number of days they did vigorous-intensity (risk ratio [RR] = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.43-2.83) and moderate-intensity (RR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.01-1.95) aerobic activity, but not strength-building activity (RR = 1.37; 95% CI: 0.091-2.07). The intervention reduced self-reported servings of fried foods (mean difference = -0.31; 95% CI: -0.60, -0.02). The findings suggest that theory-based, contextually appropriate interventions may increase physical activity among university students in Sub-Saharan Africa.
为评估一项健康促进干预措施在提高撒哈拉以南非洲大学生自我报告的身体活动水平方面的效果。在南非一所大学中随机选取的二年级学生被随机分为两组，一组接受基于社会认知理论的干预措施：以身体活动以及水果、蔬菜和脂肪摄入量为目标的健康促进干预；另一组是以降低性风险行为为目标的降低艾滋病毒风险干预。参与者在干预前以及干预后6个月和12个月通过音频计算机辅助自我访谈完成评估。共有176名学生被随机分组，干预后12个月时保留了171名（97.2%）。广义估计方程分析表明，在对干预前的身体活动进行校正后，干预后健康促进干预组的参与者比对照组参与者更有可能达到身体活动指南的要求（优势比[OR]=3.35；95%置信区间：1.33 - 8.41）。健康促进干预组的参与者报告进行高强度有氧运动（风险比[RR]=2.01；95%置信区间：1.43 - 2.83）和中等强度有氧运动（RR = 1.40；95%置信区间：1.01 - 1.95）的天数更多，但进行力量训练活动的天数没有差异（RR = 1.37；95%置信区间：0.091 - 2.07）。该干预措施减少了自我报告的油炸食品摄入量（平均差值=-0.31；95%置信区间：-0.60，-0.02）。研究结果表明，基于理论且符合实际情况的干预措施可能会增加撒哈拉以南非洲大学生的身体活动水平。
