Middelhoff Moritz, Westphalen C Benedikt, Hayakawa Yoku, Yan Kelley S, Gershon Michael D, Wang Timothy C, Quante Michael
Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2017 Oct 1;313(4):G285-G299. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00073.2017. Epub 2017 Jul 6.
-expressing tuft cells constitute a unique intestinal epithelial lineage that is distinct from enterocytes, Paneth cells, goblet cells, and enteroendocrine cells. Tuft cells express taste-related receptors and distinct transcription factors and interact closely with the enteric nervous system, suggesting a chemosensory cell lineage. In addition, recent work has shown that tuft cells interact closely with cells of the immune system, with a critical role in the cellular regulatory network governing responses to luminal parasites. Importantly, ablation of tuft cells severely impairs epithelial proliferation and tissue regeneration after injury, implicating tuft cells in the modulation of epithelial stem/progenitor function. Finally, tuft cells expand during chronic inflammation and in preneoplastic tissues, suggesting a possible early role in inflammation-associated tumorigenesis. Hence, we outline and discuss emerging evidence that strongly supports tuft cells as key regulatory cells in the complex network of the intestinal microenvironment.
表达的簇状细胞构成了一种独特的肠道上皮谱系，与肠上皮细胞、潘氏细胞、杯状细胞和肠内分泌细胞不同。簇状细胞表达与味觉相关的受体和独特的转录因子，并与肠神经系统密切相互作用，提示其为一种化学感觉细胞谱系。此外，最近的研究表明，簇状细胞与免疫系统的细胞密切相互作用，在控制对腔内寄生虫反应的细胞调节网络中起关键作用。重要的是，簇状细胞的消融严重损害损伤后上皮细胞的增殖和组织再生，这表明簇状细胞参与调节上皮干细胞/祖细胞功能。最后，簇状细胞在慢性炎症和肿瘤前组织中增多，提示其在炎症相关肿瘤发生中可能起早期作用。因此，我们概述并讨论了新出现的证据，这些证据有力地支持簇状细胞作为肠道微环境复杂网络中的关键调节细胞。
