Kearney Philip E, Judge Phil
1 Institute of Sport, University of Chichester, England.
Percept Mot Skills. 2017 Oct;124(5):1009-1021. doi: 10.1177/0031512517719189. Epub 2017 Jul 7.
This study investigated whether secondary school students who were taught a motor learning strategy could transfer their knowledge of the strategy to learning a novel task. Twenty adolescents were randomly allocated to a strategy or control group. The strategy group was taught Singer's five-step learning strategy, while the control group received information on the evolution and biomechanics of the basketball free throw. Both groups received three 1-hour practice sessions on a modified basketball shooting task. After one month, participants were introduced to the transfer task, golf putting. Performance accuracy was recorded for all tasks, and participants completed questionnaires regarding strategy use during practice. Participants taught the five-step learning strategy successfully recalled and applied it after a 1-month interval, and they demonstrated superior performance on both acquisition and transfer tasks, relative to the control group. Physical education teachers and coaches should consider using this learning strategy to enhance the learning of closed motor skills.
本研究调查了学习运动学习策略的中学生是否能够将该策略的知识迁移到学习一项新任务中。20名青少年被随机分配到策略组或对照组。策略组学习了辛格的五步学习策略，而对照组则获得了关于篮球罚球的演变和生物力学的信息。两组都在一项改良的篮球投篮任务上进行了三次1小时的练习。一个月后，参与者被引入迁移任务——高尔夫球推杆。记录了所有任务的表现准确性，参与者完成了关于练习期间策略使用的问卷。学习了五步学习策略的参与者在间隔1个月后成功回忆并应用了该策略，并且相对于对照组，他们在习得任务和迁移任务上都表现出了更优的成绩。体育教师和教练应考虑使用这种学习策略来促进封闭性运动技能的学习。
