Khyber Medical University,Institute of Public Health & Social Sciences (IPH&SS),10-B,Near ICMS,Phase V,Hayatabad,Peshawar,Pakistan.
Human Development Research Foundation,Islamabad,Pakistan.
Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2019 Feb;28(1):77-87. doi: 10.1017/S2045796017000336. Epub 2017 Jul 10.
AIMS: The aim of this feasibility trial was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the locally adapted Group Problem Management Plus (PM+) intervention for women in the conflict affected settings in Swat, Pakistan. METHODS: This mixed-methods study incorporated a quantitative component consisting of a two arm cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial, and qualitative evaluation of the acceptability of the Group PM+ to a range of stakeholder groups. For the quantitative component, on average from each of the 20 Lady Health Workers (LHWs) catchment area (20 clusters), six women were screened and recruited for the trial with score of >2 on the General Health Questionnaire and score of >16 on the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule. These LHW clusters were randomised on a 1 : 1 allocation ratio using a computer-based software through a simple randomisation method to the Group PM+ intervention or Enhanced Usual Care. The Group PM+ intervention consisted of five weekly sessions of 2 h duration delivered by local non-specialist females under supervision. The primary outcome was individual psychological distress, measured by levels of anxiety and depression on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at 7th week after baseline. Secondary outcomes include symptoms of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), general psychological profile, levels of functioning and generalised psychological distress. Intervention acceptability was explored through in-depth interviews. RESULTS: The results show that lay-helpers with no prior mental health experience can be trained to achieve the desired competency to successfully deliver the intervention in community settings under supervision. There was a good intervention uptake, with Group PM+ considered useful by participants, their families and lay-helpers. The outcome evaluation, which was not based on a large enough study to identify statistically significant results, indicated statistically significant improvements in depression, anxiety, general psychological profile and functioning. The PTSD symptoms and depressive disorder scores showed a trend in favour of the intervention. CONCLUSION: This trial showed robust acceptance in the local settings with delivery by non-specialists under supervision by local trained females. The trial paves the way for further adaptation and exploration of the outcomes through larger-scale implementation and definitive randomised controlled trials in the local settings.
目的:本可行性试验旨在评估在巴基斯坦斯瓦特受冲突影响地区,对当地适应性群体问题管理加(PM+)干预措施对女性的可行性和可接受性。
方法:本混合方法研究包括定量部分,即一项两臂集群随机对照可行性试验,以及对一系列利益相关者群体对群体 PM+的可接受性进行定性评估。对于定量部分,从每个 20 名女性卫生工作者(LHW)的集水区(20 个集群)中,平均筛选和招募六名妇女参加试验,她们的一般健康问卷得分>2,世界卫生组织残疾评估量表得分>16。这些 LHW 集群使用基于计算机的软件通过简单随机化方法,按照 1:1 的分配比例随机分配到群体 PM+干预组或增强常规护理组。群体 PM+干预组由五名当地非专业女性在监督下每周进行两次,每次 2 小时。主要结局是个体心理困扰,通过基线后第 7 周的医院焦虑和抑郁量表上的焦虑和抑郁水平来衡量。次要结局包括抑郁症状、创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、一般心理状况、功能水平和普遍心理困扰。通过深入访谈探索干预措施的可接受性。
结果:结果表明,没有心理健康经验的基层助手可以接受培训,以在监督下的社区环境中成功实施干预。干预措施的接受度很高,参与者、他们的家人和基层助手都认为该干预措施有用。虽然不是基于足够大的研究来确定具有统计学意义的结果,但结果评估表明,在抑郁、焦虑、一般心理状况和功能方面有显著改善。创伤后应激障碍症状和抑郁障碍评分也显示出有利于干预的趋势。
结论:本试验在当地环境中表现出了强大的接受度,由非专业人员在经过当地培训的女性监督下进行干预。该试验为进一步在当地环境中通过更大规模的实施和确定性随机对照试验来调整和探索结果铺平了道路。
Adm Policy Ment Health. 2025-6-29
Bull World Health Organ. 2015-10-1
J Affect Disord. 2014-10
Bull World Health Organ. 2013-4-18
Int J Ment Health Syst. 2011-11-18