van de Beek Madelien H, van der Krieke Lian, Schoevers Robert A, Veling Wim
Dimence Institute for Mental Health, Dimence Group, Zwolle, the Netherlands.
University Center for Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
PLoS One. 2017 Jul 10;12(7):e0179827. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179827. eCollection 2017.
Migration is seen as a risk factor for developing psychiatric symptoms and experiencing social exclusion. In the Netherlands, the Moroccan-Dutch population is the second largest migrant group. 70% of all young Moroccan-Dutch people meet each other in the online community www.marokko.nl. Within this community, we investigated the association between experiences of social exclusion and self-reported depressive symptoms and psychotic experiences.
Participants were recruited via the website www.marokko.nl. They completed an online survey, with screening instruments for depressive symptoms (K10) and psychotic experiences (PQ-16), measures of social exclusion (perceived discrimination, social defeat and social support), and questions about demographical information. With regression analysis the association between social exclusion and psychiatric symptoms was investigated.
We included 267 participants; 87% were female. 27% of the sample has received mental healthcare in the past. Over 50% of these people screened positive for depressive symptoms and psychotic experiences. Perceived discrimination and social defeat were significantly associated with psychotic experiences and social defeat was associated with depressive symptoms. Social support and higher education were associated with less depressive symptoms and psychotic experiences.
Our findings suggest that the online environment allows for epidemiological research and early symptom detection. Levels of psychopathology were high in our sample. This suggests that a part of this young ethnic minority population might not get adequate mental healthcare. Since this population can be reached through Internet, the online environment may therefore also offer an appropriate setting for intervention, to increase resilience towards social exclusion.
移民被视为出现精神症状和遭受社会排斥的一个风险因素。在荷兰，摩洛哥裔荷兰人群是第二大移民群体。所有年轻的摩洛哥裔荷兰人中有70%在在线社区www.marokko.nl中相互结识。在这个社区内，我们调查了社会排斥经历与自我报告的抑郁症状及精神病体验之间的关联。
通过网站www.marokko.nl招募参与者。他们完成了一项在线调查，其中包括抑郁症状筛查工具（K10）和精神病体验筛查工具（PQ - 16）、社会排斥测量指标（感知到的歧视、社会挫败和社会支持）以及有关人口统计学信息的问题。通过回归分析研究社会排斥与精神症状之间的关联。
我们纳入了267名参与者；87%为女性。样本中有27%的人过去接受过心理保健服务。这些人中有超过50%在抑郁症状和精神病体验筛查中呈阳性。感知到的歧视和社会挫败与精神病体验显著相关，社会挫败与抑郁症状相关。社会支持和高等教育与较少的抑郁症状和精神病体验相关。
我们的研究结果表明，在线环境有助于进行流行病学研究和早期症状检测。我们样本中的精神病理学水平较高。这表明这部分年轻的少数族裔人群可能没有得到足够的心理保健服务。由于可以通过互联网接触到这个群体，因此在线环境也可能为干预提供一个合适的场所，以增强对社会排斥的抵御能力。
