荷兰老年土耳其和摩洛哥移民中抑郁症的患病率及风险因素。

Prevalence and risk-factors for depression in elderly Turkish and Moroccan migrants in the Netherlands.

作者信息

van der Wurff F B, Beekman A T F, Dijkshoorn H, Spijker J A, Smits C H M, Stek M L, Verhoeff A

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit-VUmc and GGZ-Buitenamstel, Valeriusplein 9, 1075 BG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

J Affect Disord. 2004 Nov 15;83(1):33-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2004.04.009.

DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2004.04.009

PMID:15546643

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Western societies host increasing number of elderly labour migrants from Turkey and Morocco. The article studied the prevalence of clinically significant depressive symptoms among elderly Turkish and Moroccan migrants compared with native Dutch elderly and if differences in prevalence rates were explained by known risk factors for depression and/or ethnic, migration-related factors.

METHODS

330 Turkish, 299 Moroccan, and 304 Dutch elderly (55-74 years) were interviewed (cross-sectionally) using the Center for Epidemiologic Depression Scale (CES-D). Potential risk factors included sex, income level, marital status, ethnic origin, chronic physical illnesses, limitations in daily functioning, migration and acculturation questions.

RESULTS

The prevalence of self-reported depressive symptoms (CES-D>or=16) was very high in elderly migrants, 33.6% for Moroccan and 61.5% for Turkish elderly. The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the native Dutch sample was similar to earlier studies in the Netherlands and abroad: 14.5%. Among migrants education and income level was very low and they had a high number of physical limitations and chronic medical illnesses. This only explained part of the ethnic differences found. In all three samples, depressive symptoms were associated with sex, chronic physical illness and physical limitations. In multivariate analysis, ethnic origin was uniquely associated with the presence of clinically significant depressive symptoms. Only a small number of remigration and acculturation items were associated with depressive symptoms in bivariate analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of clinically significant depressive symptoms among elderly migrants from Turkey and Morocco in the Netherlands is very high. Ethnicity was a strong independent risk factor.

摘要

背景

西方社会接纳了越来越多来自土耳其和摩洛哥的老年劳务移民。本文研究了与荷兰本土老年人相比，土耳其和摩洛哥老年移民中具有临床意义的抑郁症状的患病率，以及患病率的差异是否由已知的抑郁症风险因素和/或种族、与移民相关的因素所解释。

方法

使用流行病学抑郁量表（CES-D）对330名土耳其老年人、299名摩洛哥老年人和304名荷兰老年人（55 - 74岁）进行了横断面访谈。潜在风险因素包括性别、收入水平、婚姻状况、种族、慢性躯体疾病、日常功能受限情况、移民和文化适应问题。

结果

老年移民中自我报告的抑郁症状（CES-D≥16）患病率非常高，摩洛哥老年人为33.6%，土耳其老年人为61.5%。荷兰本土样本中抑郁症状的患病率与荷兰及国外早期研究相似：为14.5%。移民的教育和收入水平很低，且他们有大量的身体功能受限和慢性疾病。这仅解释了所发现的部分种族差异。在所有三个样本中，抑郁症状都与性别、慢性躯体疾病和身体功能受限有关。在多变量分析中，种族与具有临床意义的抑郁症状的存在独特相关。在双变量分析中，只有少数重新移民和文化适应项目与抑郁症状有关。