Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Alto Universitário, s/n 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil.
Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Alto Universitário, s/n 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Dec 15;605-606:946-956. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.275. Epub 2017 Jul 6.
The formation of an urban heat island (UHI) is one of the most common impacts of the urbanization process. To mitigate the effects of UHI, the planning of urban forests (e.g., creation of parks, forests and afforestation streets) has been the major tool applied in this context. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of heat islands in Vila Velha, ES, Brazil using the mono-window algorithm. The study followed these methodological steps: 1) mapping of urban green areas through a photointerpretation screen; 2) application of the mono-window algorithm to obtain the spatial and temporal patterns of land surface temperature (LST); 3) correlation between LST and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference build-up index (NDBI); 4) application of ecological evaluation index. The results showed that the mean values of LST in urban areas were at least 2.34 to 7.19°C higher than undeveloped areas. Moreover, the positive correlation between LST and NDBI showed an amplifying effect of the developed areas for UHI, while areas with a predominance of vegetation attenuated the effect of UHI. Urban centers, clustered in some parts of the city, received the worst ecological assessment index. Finally, the adoption of measures to guide the urban forest planning within urban centers is necessary to mitigate the effect of heat islands and provide thermal comfort in urban areas.
城市热岛（UHI）的形成是城市化进程中最常见的影响之一。为了减轻 UHI 的影响，城市森林规划（例如，公园、森林和绿化街道的创建）一直是应用于这方面的主要工具。因此，本研究旨在使用单窗算法评估巴西维拉维利亚市的热岛时空分布。该研究遵循以下方法步骤：1）通过照片解释屏幕对城市绿地进行制图；2）应用单窗算法获取地表温度（LST）的时空模式；3）LST 与归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）和归一化差异建筑指数（NDBI）之间的相关性；4）应用生态评价指数。结果表明，城市地区的 LST 平均值至少比未开发地区高 2.34 至 7.19°C。此外，LST 与 NDBI 之间的正相关表明，发达地区对 UHI 具有放大效应，而植被占主导地位的地区则减弱了 UHI 的影响。城市中心集中在城市的一些地区，获得了最差的生态评估指数。最后，有必要采取措施指导城市中心的城市森林规划，以减轻热岛的影响，并为城市地区提供热舒适度。
