Saleemi Sarah, Pennybaker Steven J, Wooldridge Missi, Johnson Matthew W
1 Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
2 Healthy Nightlife, LLC, Denver, USA.
J Psychopharmacol. 2017 Aug;31(8):1056-1060. doi: 10.1177/0269881117715596. Epub 2017 Jul 10.
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), often sold as 'Ecstasy' or 'Molly', is commonly used at music festivals and reported to be responsible for an increase in deaths over the last decade. Ecstasy is often adulterated and contains compounds that increase morbidity and mortality. While users and clinicians commonly assume that products sold as Molly are less-adulterated MDMA products, this has not been tested. Additionally, while pill-testing services are sometimes available at raves, the assumption that these services decrease risky drug use has not been studied. This study analyzed data collected by the pill-testing organization, DanceSafe, from events across the United States from 2010 to 2015. Colorimetric reagent assays identified MDMA in only 60% of the 529 samples collected. No significant difference in the percentage of samples testing positive for MDMA was determined between Ecstasy and Molly. Individuals were significantly less likely to report intent to use a product if testing did not identify MDMA (relative risk (RR) = 0.56, p = 0.01). Results suggest that Molly is not a less-adulterated substance, and that pill-testing services are a legitimate harm-reduction service that decreases intent to consume potentially dangerous substances and may warrant consideration by legislators for legal protection. Future research should further examine the direct effects of pill-testing services and include more extensive pill-testing methods.
亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺（MDMA），通常以“摇头丸”或“莫莉”的名称出售，在音乐节上经常被使用，据报道在过去十年中导致死亡人数增加。摇头丸常常被掺假，含有会增加发病率和死亡率的化合物。虽然使用者和临床医生通常认为以莫莉之名出售的产品是掺假较少的MDMA产品，但这一点尚未得到验证。此外，虽然在狂欢活动中有时会提供药丸检测服务，但这些服务能减少危险药物使用这一假设尚未得到研究。本研究分析了药丸检测组织DanceSafe从2010年至2015年在美国各地活动中收集的数据。比色试剂检测在收集的529个样本中仅60%检测出MDMA。在摇头丸和莫莉之间，MDMA检测呈阳性的样本百分比没有显著差异。如果检测未发现MDMA，个体报告使用该产品意图的可能性显著降低（相对风险（RR）=0.56，p = 0.01）。结果表明，莫莉并非掺假较少的物质，药丸检测服务是一项合理的减少伤害服务，可降低消费潜在危险物质的意图，立法者可能应考虑给予其法律保护。未来的研究应进一步考察药丸检测服务的直接效果，并纳入更广泛的药丸检测方法。
