Universidad de Valencia.
Psicothema. 2017 Aug;29(3):341-345. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2016.273.
Given the uneven results about the role self-referencing plays in false recognition, we planned an experiment that would allow us to analyze whether self-referencing affects false recognition, and its relationship with healthy aging.
A sample of healthy older people (n = 30) and another sample of young people (n = 38) rated whether 40 personality-trait adjectives (20 with a positive valence and 20 with a negative valence) described them or not (self-referencing condition). They then took a recognition test of these adjectives along with 40 other new adjectives. Next, they rated whether 40 other different adjectives described a third person or not (other-referencing condition), and then performed another similar recognition test. These two conditions were counter-balanced across participants.
The results clearly showed that self-referencing produces both an increase in true recognition and a decrease in false recognition in both samples.
Our results support the idea that self-referencing reduces false recognition by using conscious monitoring strategies, and that self-referencing is a suitable cognitive method for enhancing older individuals’ impaired memory.
鉴于自我参照在错误识别中所扮演的角色存在不一致的结果，我们计划进行一项实验，以分析自我参照是否会影响错误识别，以及它与健康老龄化的关系。
一个健康的老年人样本（n=30）和另一个年轻人样本（n=38）对 40 个人格特质形容词（20 个带有积极的评价，20 个带有消极的评价）进行自我描述性评估（自我参照条件）。然后，他们对这些形容词和另外 40 个新形容词进行了识别测试。接下来，他们对 40 个其他不同的形容词是否描述了第三人进行评估（他人参照条件），然后进行了另一个类似的识别测试。这两种情况在参与者之间是平衡的。
结果清楚地表明，自我参照在两个样本中都既增加了真实识别，又减少了错误识别。
我们的结果支持这样一种观点，即自我参照通过使用有意识的监测策略减少错误识别，并且自我参照是一种增强老年人受损记忆的合适认知方法。
