Sharma Pawan Kumar, Bunker Clareann H, Singh Tushar, Ganguly Enakshi, Reddy P Sudhakar, Newman Anne B, Cauley Jane A
SHARE India, MediCiti Institute of Medical Sciences, Telangana, India.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res. 2017;2017:1290936. doi: 10.1155/2017/1290936. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
Falls are an important contributor to loss of function, morbidity, and mortality in elders. Little is known about falls in Indian populations. The objective of this cross-sectional report was to identify the prevalence and correlates of falls in a cohort of 562 rural southern Indian men and women.
Risk factors included demographics, anthropometrics, self-reported health, medical history, physical function, vision, depression, and lifestyle. Odds ratios were calculated using logistic regression.
71 (13%) subjects reported at least 1 fall in the past year. Prevalence was higher among women (17%) than men (8%), = 0.003. Sex and age showed significant interaction ( = 0.04) whereby falls prevalence increased with age among women but decreased among men. Correlates of falls among men included a history of osteoarthritis (OA) (odds ratio (OR): 6.91; 95% CI: 1.4-33.1), depression (OR:9.6; 3.1-30.1), and greater height (OR per 1 standard deviation increase: 2.33; 1.1-5.1). Among women, poor physical performance (OR: 3.33; 1.13-9.86) and history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (OR: 2.42; 1.01-5.80) were independently associated with falls.
Prevalence of falls in elderly South Indians was lower than published reports from western countries and likely reflects low exposure to fall risks. Patterns with age differed in men and women and may reflect sex differences in the accuracy of age recall. Presence of comorbidities specifically OA, CVD, and depression was independent correlate of falling.
跌倒在老年人功能丧失、发病和死亡方面起着重要作用。对于印度人群中的跌倒情况，我们知之甚少。本横断面报告的目的是确定562名印度南部农村男性和女性队列中跌倒的患病率及其相关因素。
危险因素包括人口统计学特征、人体测量学指标、自我报告的健康状况、病史、身体功能、视力、抑郁和生活方式。使用逻辑回归计算比值比。
71名（13%）受试者报告在过去一年中至少跌倒过1次。女性的患病率（17%）高于男性（8%），P = 0.003。性别和年龄显示出显著的交互作用（P = 0.04），即女性的跌倒患病率随年龄增加，而男性则下降。男性跌倒的相关因素包括骨关节炎（OA）病史（比值比（OR）：6.91；95%置信区间：1.4 - 33.1）、抑郁（OR：9.6；3.1 - 30.1）以及身高较高（每增加1个标准差的OR：2.33；1.1 - 5.1）。在女性中，身体表现较差（OR：3.33；1.13 - 9.86）和心血管疾病（CVD）病史（OR：2.42；1.01 - 5.80）与跌倒独立相关。
印度南部老年人的跌倒患病率低于西方国家发表的报告，这可能反映出跌倒风险暴露较低。男性和女性的年龄模式不同，这可能反映了年龄回忆准确性方面的性别差异。合并症尤其是OA、CVD和抑郁的存在是跌倒的独立相关因素。
