Hill H A
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1985 Dec 17;311(1152):605-15. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1985.0167.
Three instances of the involvement of dioxygen-derived radicals in biological systems are considered. The first concerns the formation of radicals in the haemolytic reactions induced by treatment of erythrocytes by phenylhydrazine, as an example of the so-called 'oxidant drugs'. The evidence for the formation of phenyl radicals is considered and their origin in the oxidation of phenylhydrazine by a ferryl derivative of haemoglobin postulated. The relevance to the formation of phenylated iron and porphyrin species is described. It is suspected that many instances of oxidative damage to cellular systems result from the coincidence of unsequestered redox-active metal ions (particularly those of iron and copper), reductants, and dioxygen. As an example, the damage to hepatocytes, grown in a culture medium containing cysteine, is described. The formation of radical species derived from dioxygen during the respiratory burst associated with phagocytosis is discussed. A new electrochemical method of detecting the superoxide ion produced during the respiratory burst is described. Particular emphasis is placed on the relation between the production of radical species such as the hydroxyl radical and the superoxide ion, and the extent of phagocytosis.
本文考虑了双氧基衍生自由基在生物系统中的三种作用情况。第一种情况涉及苯肼处理红细胞诱导的溶血反应中自由基的形成，以此作为所谓“氧化药物”的一个例子。文中考虑了苯基自由基形成的证据，并假定其起源于血红蛋白的高铁衍生物对苯肼的氧化。还描述了其与苯基化铁和卟啉物种形成的相关性。有人怀疑，细胞系统的许多氧化损伤实例是由于未被隔离的氧化还原活性金属离子（特别是铁和铜的离子）、还原剂和双氧基同时存在所致。例如，文中描述了在含有半胱氨酸的培养基中生长的肝细胞所受到的损伤。讨论了吞噬作用相关的呼吸爆发过程中双氧基衍生自由基的形成。描述了一种检测呼吸爆发过程中产生的超氧离子的新电化学方法。特别强调了诸如羟基自由基和超氧离子等自由基物种的产生与吞噬作用程度之间的关系。
