Gage Anastasia J, Thomas Nicholas J
Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2200-22, Mail Code: 8319, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2824, USA.
Department of Global Health Management and Policy, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Arch Sex Behav. 2017 Oct;46(7):1923-1938. doi: 10.1007/s10508-017-1023-4. Epub 2017 Jul 10.
The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of women's labor force participation to the risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization in the past 12 months, using data for 20,635 currently married women aged 15-49 years from the 2013 nationally representative Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. Multilevel logistic regression models of sexual and physical IPV, with interactions between women's work and social norms regarding traditional gender roles, were developed. Approximately 23% of women aged 15-49 years reported IPV victimization in the past 12 months. Results revealed that non-cash work relative to unemployment was positively associated with both forms of IPV victimization, after controlling for other factors. Women's engagement in cash work was positively correlated with sexual IPV. The positive association between cash work and physical IPV victimization was significantly larger for women who resided in localities with greater male approval of wife beating. In localities where husband-dominated decision making was more common, a spousal education gap that favored husbands was more positively associated with sexual IPV. The findings call for integrated IPV prevention and economic empowerment programs that consider gender norms and gender-role beliefs and are adapted to the locality setting, in order to promote social environments in which women can reap the full benefits of their economic empowerment.
本研究的目的是利用2013年具有全国代表性的尼日利亚人口与健康调查中20635名年龄在15 - 49岁的已婚妇女的数据，确定妇女劳动力参与对过去12个月亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）受害风险的影响。我们建立了性暴力和身体暴力形式的IPV的多层次逻辑回归模型，其中包括妇女工作与传统性别角色社会规范之间的相互作用。在过去12个月中，约23%的15 - 49岁妇女报告遭受过IPV侵害。结果显示，在控制其他因素后，相对于失业而言，非现金工作与两种形式的IPV受害均呈正相关。妇女从事现金工作与性暴力IPV呈正相关。对于居住在男性对殴打妻子更为认可地区的妇女，现金工作与身体暴力IPV受害之间的正相关关系更为显著。在丈夫主导决策更为普遍的地区，有利于丈夫的配偶教育差距与性暴力IPV的相关性更为积极。研究结果呼吁开展综合的IPV预防和经济赋权项目，这些项目要考虑性别规范和性别角色观念，并根据当地情况进行调整，以促进妇女能够充分受益于其经济赋权的社会环境。
