Centre de Physique Théorique, Aix Marseille Universit, Universit de Toulon, CNRS, UMR 7332, 13288 Marseille, France.
Rep Prog Phys. 2017 Dec;80(12):126901. doi: 10.1088/1361-6633/aa7e14.
This is a review of results on black hole physics in the context of loop quantum gravity. The key feature underlying these results is the discreteness of geometric quantities at the Planck scale predicted by this approach to quantum gravity. Quantum discreteness follows directly from the canonical quantization prescription when applied to the action of general relativity that is suitable for the coupling of gravity with gauge fields, and especially with fermions. Planckian discreteness and causal considerations provide the basic structure for the understanding of the thermal properties of black holes close to equilibrium. Discreteness also provides a fresh new look at more (at the moment) speculative issues, such as those concerning the fate of information in black hole evaporation. The hypothesis of discreteness leads, also, to interesting phenomenology with possible observational consequences. The theory of loop quantum gravity is a developing program; this review reports its achievements and open questions in a pedagogical manner, with an emphasis on quantum aspects of black hole physics.
这是一篇关于圈量子引力背景下黑洞物理的综述。这些结果的关键特征是，该方法预测的量子引力普朗克尺度上几何量的离散性。当应用于适合与规范场，尤其是与费米子耦合的广义相对论作用量时，量子离散性直接来自正则量子化规则。普朗克离散性和因果考虑为理解接近平衡的黑洞的热性质提供了基本结构。离散性也为更（目前）推测性问题提供了新的视角，例如黑洞蒸发中信息的命运问题。离散性假设也导致了有趣的现象学，可能具有观测后果。圈量子引力理论是一个正在发展的计划；本综述以教学的方式报告了它的成就和开放性问题，重点是黑洞物理的量子方面。
