Kadam-Halani Priyanka K, Arya Lily A, Andy Uduak U
Division of Urogynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Clin Anat. 2017 Oct;30(7):901-911. doi: 10.1002/ca.22951. Epub 2017 Aug 11.
Fecal incontinence is a devastating condition that has a severe impact on quality of life. This condition disproportionately affects women and its incidence is increasing with the aging United States population. Fecal continence is maintained by coordination of a functioning anal sphincter complex, intact sensation of the anorectum, rectal compliance, and the ability to consciously control defecation. Particularly important are the puborectalis sling of the levator ani muscle complex and intact innervation of the central and peripheral nervous systems. An understanding of the intricate anatomy required to maintain continence and regulate defecation will help clinicians to provide appropriate medical and surgical management and diminish the negative impact of fecal incontinence. In this article, we describe the anatomic and neural basis of fecal continence and normal defecation as well as changes that occur with fecal incontinence in women. Clin. Anat. 30:901-911, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
大便失禁是一种极具破坏性的病症，对生活质量有严重影响。这种病症对女性的影响尤为严重，且随着美国人口老龄化，其发病率正在上升。大便节制通过功能正常的肛门括约肌复合体的协调、完整的直肠肛门感觉、直肠顺应性以及有意识控制排便的能力来维持。特别重要的是肛提肌复合体的耻骨直肠肌吊带以及中枢和周围神经系统的完整神经支配。了解维持节制和调节排便所需的复杂解剖结构将有助于临床医生提供适当的药物和手术治疗，并减少大便失禁的负面影响。在本文中，我们描述了大便节制和正常排便的解剖学和神经学基础，以及女性大便失禁时发生的变化。《临床解剖学》2017年第30卷：901 - 911页。© 2017威利期刊公司。
