Murthy V S, Hwang T F, Sandage B W, Laddu A R
J Clin Pharmacol. 1986 Mar;26(S1):A27-A35. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1986.tb02984.x.
Esmolol, an ultra-short-acting, cardioselective, beta-receptor blocking agent, has been developed for use in clinical conditions requiring controlled beta-receptor blockade. Its esterase-induced rapid metabolic inactivation and resulting brief pharmacologic effect provides control over the magnitude and duration of beta-receptor blockade. In placebo-controlled clinical trials, the effects of infusion of esmolol on the sympathetically mediated hemodynamic responses to stressful events during the perioperative period were evaluated in patients scheduled for surgical procedures under general anesthesia. In patients undergoing either noncardiac or cardiac surgical procedures, esmolol was effective in attenuating tachycardia that is normally seen during induction of anesthesia, laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation, or sternotomy and aortic dissection by reducing the hemodynamic stress on the heart with negligible adverse effects. This much-desired cardioprotective effect of esmolol will be of special value to patients with coronary artery disease and patients with an unstable cardiovascular status who are undergoing major surgical procedures with general anesthesia.
艾司洛尔是一种超短效、心脏选择性的β受体阻滞剂，已被开发用于需要控制性β受体阻滞的临床情况。其由酯酶诱导的快速代谢失活以及由此产生的短暂药理作用，使得对β受体阻滞的程度和持续时间得以控制。在安慰剂对照的临床试验中，对计划接受全身麻醉手术的患者，评估了输注艾司洛尔对围手术期应激事件引起的交感神经介导的血流动力学反应的影响。在接受非心脏或心脏手术的患者中，艾司洛尔通过减轻心脏的血流动力学应激，有效减轻了通常在麻醉诱导、喉镜检查和气管插管，或胸骨切开术和主动脉分离期间出现的心动过速，且不良反应可忽略不计。艾司洛尔这种备受期待的心脏保护作用，对于患有冠状动脉疾病以及心血管状态不稳定且正在接受全身麻醉大手术的患者具有特殊价值。
