Black Andrew D
Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Pneumonia (Nathan). 2016 Apr 12;8:2. doi: 10.1186/s41479-016-0002-1. eCollection 2016.
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common cause of presentation to healthcare facilities. The diagnosis of CAP is usually made in patients with suggestive symptoms, signs, and radiological features. A number of non-infectious conditions, including neoplastic lesions, pulmonary oedema, pulmonary embolism, drug-induced pneumonitis, diffuse alveolar haemorrhage syndromes, cryptogenic organising pneumonia and acute eosinophilic pneumonia, may present in a similar way and mimic CAP. These other conditions are often only thought of after patients that are being treated as CAP fail to respond to therapy. The non-infectious mimics of CAP require early diagnosis and appropriate treatment to decrease patient morbidity and mortality. This article is intended to create an awareness of the non-infectious mimics of CAP and highlight some of the more frequent conditions as well as those that require early diagnosis and treatment to prevent a poor outcome.
社区获得性肺炎（CAP）是患者前往医疗机构就诊的常见原因。CAP的诊断通常基于具有提示性症状、体征和影像学特征的患者。一些非感染性疾病，包括肿瘤性病变、肺水肿、肺栓塞、药物性肺炎、弥漫性肺泡出血综合征、隐源性机化性肺炎和急性嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎，可能以类似方式表现并酷似CAP。这些其他疾病通常仅在被当作CAP治疗的患者对治疗无反应后才会被考虑到。CAP的非感染性模仿疾病需要早期诊断和适当治疗，以降低患者的发病率和死亡率。本文旨在提高对CAP非感染性模仿疾病的认识，并突出一些较常见的疾病以及那些需要早期诊断和治疗以防止不良后果的疾病。
