Vega-Ramírez Francisco Antonio, López-Liria Remedios, Granados-Gámez Genoveva, Aguilar-Parra Jose Manuel, Padilla-Góngora David
Complejo Hospitalario Torrecárdenas. Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Carretera del Sacramento s/n. La Cañada de San Urbano, 04250, Almería, Spain.
Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, CERNEP. University of Almería, Carretera del Sacramento s/n. La Cañada de San Urbano, 04250, Almería, Spain.
BMC Geriatr. 2017 Jul 14;17(1):145. doi: 10.1186/s12877-017-0526-0.
The purpose of health and social policies is to encourage older people more longevity, remain free of disability and experience quality of life while living in their homes. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of 473 patients diagnosed with motor impairment in primary care, the objectives of home-based rehabilitation and its functional impact.
This prospective observational study was conducted in the Almería Health District. The analysed variables included age, gender, secondary diagnosis, Barthel Index (BI), physiotherapeutic objectives and techniques, and number of sessions.
The sample had a mean age of 83 years, and 59% were women. The assessed conditions with a high prevalence included osteoarticular pathology (55%), Alzheimer's disease (15.1%), cardiovascular disease (13.7%) and stroke (6.5%). The techniques applied mainly consisted of functional exercises (57.1%), caregiver education (13.8%), and technical assistance (5.7%). There were statistically significant differences (t = -15.79; p < 0.001) between initial (X = 34.8) and final BI (X = 48.1), with an improvement of 13.4 points in patients' functional capacity (95% confidence interval [CI]: -15.0 to -11.7). An equation was constructed to predict patients' final BI as a function of the initial BI using a multiple linear regression model. The regression model explained 78% of the variance in patients with motor impairment.
Important improvements were obtained in terms of functional capacity with a mean of ten sessions of physiotherapy. Lower patient age was correlated with higher initial and final functional capacities in primary care. This study aimed to present a useful starting point for decision making among management and health administration regarding this population group by approaching the process from the reality of practice and in relation to the rehabilitation provided.
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02715245 ; Date of registration: 18 January 2016.
健康和社会政策的目的是鼓励老年人更长寿，保持无残疾状态，并在居家生活时体验高质量生活。本研究的目的是描述在初级保健中被诊断为运动障碍的473例患者的特征、居家康复的目标及其功能影响。
这项前瞻性观察性研究在阿尔梅里亚健康区进行。分析的变量包括年龄、性别、二级诊断、巴氏指数（BI）、物理治疗目标和技术以及治疗次数。
样本的平均年龄为83岁，59%为女性。高患病率的评估疾病包括骨关节病（55%）、阿尔茨海默病（15.1%）、心血管疾病（13.7%）和中风（6.5%）。应用的技术主要包括功能锻炼（57.1%）、照顾者教育（13.8%）和技术援助（5.7%）。初始BI（X = 34.8）和最终BI（X = 48.1）之间存在统计学显著差异（t = -15.79；p < 0.001），患者的功能能力提高了13.4分（95%置信区间[CI]：-15.0至-11.7）。使用多元线性回归模型构建了一个方程，以根据初始BI预测患者的最终BI。回归模型解释了运动障碍患者78%的方差。
平均十次物理治疗在功能能力方面取得了重要改善。在初级保健中，患者年龄较低与初始和最终功能能力较高相关。本研究旨在通过从实践现实和所提供的康复方面入手，为管理和卫生管理部门针对这一人群的决策提供一个有用的起点。
ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT02715245；注册日期：2016年1月18日。
