Crow T J, MacMillan J F, Johnson A L, Johnstone E C
Br J Psychiatry. 1986 Feb;148:120-7. doi: 10.1192/bjp.148.2.120.
Out of 253 patients fulfilling criteria for a first episode of schizophrenic illness, 120 entered a randomised placebo-controlled trial of maintenance neuroleptic medication on discharge; they were followed to relapse or loss to follow-up, for two years or to the end of the study. Of those on active medication, 46% relapsed, as did 62% of those on placebo; the most important determinant of relapse was duration of illness prior to starting neuroleptic medication. This finding might be because extended duration of symptoms before admission is more likely to be present in illnesses which in any case will have poor prognosis, or because susceptibility to relapse is reduced by early institution of treatment. The study provides no data on which a decision between these alternative explanations can be based.
在253名符合首次精神分裂症发作标准的患者中，120人在出院时进入了一项维持性抗精神病药物的随机安慰剂对照试验；对他们进行随访，观察其复发情况或失访情况，为期两年或直至研究结束。服用活性药物的患者中，46%复发，服用安慰剂的患者中复发率为62%；复发的最重要决定因素是开始使用抗精神病药物治疗前的病程。这一发现可能是因为入院前症状持续时间延长更可能出现在预后较差的疾病中，或者是因为早期治疗可降低复发易感性。该研究没有提供数据来支持在这两种不同解释之间做出决定。
