Division of Transplantation and Mucosal Biology, King's College London, London, UK.
Semin Nephrol. 2017 Jul;37(4):370-377. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2017.05.009.
Women with renal transplants have restoration of fertility with improved kidney function; however, pregnancy rates in renal transplant recipients appear to be lower than the general population, which might be influenced by patient choice. Women with renal transplants need to evaluate potential neonatal outcomes, graft outcomes, and risks to their own health to make informed decisions about conception. Pregnancy should be carefully planned in renal transplant recipients to reduce risk for graft loss, optimize pregnancy outcomes, and ensure immunosuppression regimes are nonteratogenic. Neonatal outcomes remain significantly worse for women with renal transplants than healthy controls, particularly for those with reduced graft function, hence prepregnancy, antenatal, and postpartum care of women with renal transplants should be guided by a multidisciplinary team of nephrologists and specialist obstetricians.
女性肾移植后肾功能恢复，生育能力也得到恢复；然而，肾移植受者的妊娠率似乎低于普通人群，这可能受到患者选择的影响。肾移植受者需要评估潜在的新生儿结局、移植物结局和自身健康风险，以便就受孕做出明智的决定。肾移植受者应谨慎计划妊娠，以降低移植物丢失的风险、优化妊娠结局，并确保免疫抑制方案无致畸性。与健康对照组相比，肾移植受者的新生儿结局仍然明显较差，特别是那些移植物功能降低的患者，因此，应通过由肾病学家和专科妇产科医生组成的多学科团队来指导肾移植受者的孕前、产前和产后护理。
