Ibarra-Cortés K H, Guzmán-Franco A W, González-Hernández H, Ortega-Arenas L D, Villanueva-Jiménez J A, Robles-Bermúdez A
Posgrado en Fitosanidad - Entomología y Acarología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Km. 36.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Mpio., 56230, Texcoco, Edo. de Mexico, Mexico.
Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico.
Neotrop Entomol. 2018 Feb;47(1):131-138. doi: 10.1007/s13744-017-0539-6. Epub 2017 Jul 18.
Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama) is a global pest of citrus that transmits the bacteria associated with the disease, Huanglongbing. Entomopathogenic fungi and the parasitoid Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) are important biological control agents of this pest and likely to interact in D. citri populations. As a basis for interaction studies, we determined the susceptibility of nymphs and adults of D. citri and adults of the parasitoid T. radiata to six fungal isolates from the species Beauveria bassiana s.l. (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. (isolates B1 and B3), Metarhizium anisopliae s.s. (Metsch.) (Ma129 and Ma65) and Isaria fumosorosea Wize (I2 and Pae). We conducted experiments evaluating infection levels in all three insect groups following inoculation with a series of conidial concentrations (1 × 10-1 × 10 conidia mL). Results showed that D. citri nymphs and T. radiata were more susceptible to fungal isolates than D. citri adults. Overall, B. bassiana and M. anisopliae isolates caused the greatest infection compared with I. fumosorosea isolates in all three groups of insects. Isolates B1 (B. bassiana) and Ma129 (M. anisopliae) infected a greater proportion of adults and nymphs of D. citri, respectively. Both isolates of B. bassiana caused greater infection in T. radiata compared with isolates of the other fungal species. We propose that isolates B1 and Ma129 are the strongest candidates for control of D. citri. Our results represent the first report of entomopathogenic fungi infecting T. radiata, and the basis for future studies to design a biological control programme that uses both agents more efficiently against D. citri populations.
柑橘木虱（Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama)）是一种全球性的柑橘害虫，可传播与黄龙病相关的细菌。昆虫病原真菌和寄生蜂浅黄恩蚜小蜂（Tamarixia radiata (Waterston)）是该害虫的重要生物防治剂，并且很可能在柑橘木虱种群中相互作用。作为相互作用研究的基础，我们测定了柑橘木虱若虫和成虫以及寄生蜂浅黄恩蚜小蜂成虫对球孢白僵菌复合种（Beauveria bassiana s.l. (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill.）（分离株B1和B3）、绿僵菌原变种（Metarhizium anisopliae s.s. (Metsch.)）（Ma129和Ma65）和玫烟色棒束孢（Isaria fumosorosea Wize）（I2和Pae）的六个真菌分离株的敏感性。我们进行了实验，评估了用一系列分生孢子浓度（1×10 - 1×10分生孢子/mL）接种后所有三个昆虫群体的感染水平。结果表明，柑橘木虱若虫和浅黄恩蚜小蜂比柑橘木虱成虫对真菌分离株更敏感。总体而言，在所有三组昆虫中，与玫烟色棒束孢分离株相比，球孢白僵菌和绿僵菌分离株引起的感染最大。分离株B1（球孢白僵菌）和Ma129（绿僵菌）分别感染了更大比例的柑橘木虱成虫和若虫。与其他真菌种类的分离株相比，两种球孢白僵菌分离株在浅黄恩蚜小蜂中引起的感染更大。我们认为分离株B1和Ma129是防治柑橘木虱的最强候选菌株。我们的结果代表了昆虫病原真菌感染浅黄恩蚜小蜂的首次报道，也是未来设计更有效地利用这两种制剂防治柑橘木虱种群的生物防治计划的研究基础。
