Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Curr Med Chem. 2018;25(9):1046-1054. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666170718102738.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are frequently dysregulated in cancers and serve as attractive targets for prognostication and therapeutic applications. Besides cancer, the biological functions of miR-149 have been studied in various diseases. This review aims to summarize the reports available in the literature, regarding miR-149 as a molecular target for cancer therapeutics.
An extensive literature search was conducted using the Pubmed database to sieve out articles related to the roles of miR-149 in carcinogenesis and cancer progression, and potential miRNA-based therapies. A total of 89 publications were selected for inclusion in this review.
Depending on the cancer type, miR-149 can behave either as a tumor suppressor or as an 'onco-miR' that promotes tumorigenesis and cancer spread, suggesting that this miRNA has diverse functions. Potential miRNA-based therapies include the use of miRNA mimics, miRNA inhibitors, demethylating agents and circular RNAs.
Although targeting miRNA is an attractive anti-cancer strategy, not all cancers can be treated by the same miRNA-based strategy. A comprehensive understanding of miRNA regulatory mechanism is also necessary to improve the design of miRNA-based therapeutics and there is a need for safe and efficient delivery methods when using this approach for anti-cancer treatment.
microRNAs（miRNAs）在癌症中经常失调，作为预后和治疗应用的有吸引力的靶标。除了癌症，miR-149 的生物学功能已在各种疾病中得到研究。本综述旨在总结文献中关于 miR-149 作为癌症治疗的分子靶标的报道。
使用 Pubmed 数据库进行广泛的文献检索，以筛选出与 miR-149 在致癌和癌症进展中的作用以及潜在的 miRNA 治疗相关的文章。总共选择了 89 篇出版物纳入本综述。
根据癌症类型的不同，miR-149 可以作为肿瘤抑制因子或促进肿瘤发生和癌症扩散的“癌 miRNA”发挥作用，表明该 miRNA 具有多种功能。潜在的 miRNA 治疗包括使用 miRNA 模拟物、miRNA 抑制剂、去甲基化剂和环状 RNA。
尽管靶向 miRNA 是一种有吸引力的抗癌策略，但并非所有癌症都可以通过相同的基于 miRNA 的策略治疗。全面了解 miRNA 调控机制对于改善 miRNA 治疗的设计也是必要的，并且在使用这种方法进行抗癌治疗时需要安全有效的递送方法。
