Tousignant B, Brûlé J
Université de Montréal, École d'optométrie, H3T 1P1 Montréal, Canada.
Med Sante Trop. 2017 Aug 1;27(3):326-328. doi: 10.1684/mst.2017.0687.
Epidemiological data describing the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment in Haiti are sparse. The Haitian National Committee for the Prevention of Blindness (CNPC) estimates the prevalence of blindness at 1 %. Other regional data estimate moderate and severe visual impairment at 5% and 22%, respectively. IRIS Mundial (IM) is a non-governmental organization collaborating with the CNPC to develop eye care infrastructure in Haiti. To estimate the prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment on the Haitian island of Gonâve, to assist in planning of relevant eye care infrastructure. Results from eye exams carried out by a team from IM in January 2013 have been compiled and analyzed. In all, 1724 patients were examined (38% men, 62% women). In the best eye, 87% of patients had visual acuity, 6% had moderate visual impairment, and 7% had severe visual impairment. Moreover, 1% of patients had high myopia, 1% high hyperopia, 1% high astigmatism, and 32% were presbyopic. Clinically significant binocular cataracts were found in 1.5 % of patients, while 2 % were diagnosed with probable glaucoma. Our data give a glimpse of the prevalence of visual impairment and ocular disease on Gonâve Island in Haiti. Uncorrected refractive error, cataracts, and glaucoma are confirmed as prevalent conditions in this population and their presence should guide the planning of relevant eye care interventions.
描述海地失明和视力损害患病率的流行病学数据匮乏。海地国家预防失明委员会（CNPC）估计失明患病率为1%。其他区域数据估计中度和重度视力损害患病率分别为5%和22%。国际虹膜组织（IM）是一个与CNPC合作在海地发展眼科护理基础设施的非政府组织。为了估计海地戈纳夫岛失明和视力损害的患病率及病因，以协助规划相关眼科护理基础设施。对IM团队于2013年1月进行的眼科检查结果进行了汇总和分析。总共检查了1724名患者（38%为男性，62%为女性）。在最佳眼中，87%的患者视力正常，6%有中度视力损害，7%有重度视力损害。此外，1%的患者有高度近视，1%有高度远视，1%有高度散光，32%有老花眼。1.5%的患者发现有临床意义的双眼白内障，而2%被诊断为疑似青光眼。我们的数据让我们得以了解海地戈纳夫岛视力损害和眼病的患病率。未矫正的屈光不正、白内障和青光眼被确认为该人群中的常见病症，它们的存在应指导相关眼科护理干预措施的规划。
