Aust N Z J Surg. 1986 Mar;56(3):209-13.
A prospective randomized single blind controlled clinical trial was undertaken to compare prophylactic therapy using a systemic antibiotic active against both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria with an oral antibiotic agent active only against anaerobic bacteria in elective colorectal surgery. One hundred and thirty-one patients received ticarcillin and 130 received tinidazole. The wound infection rate was 8% in those patients receiving ticarcillin prophylaxis and 20% in those receiving tinidazole (P less than 0.05). Multivariate analysis of the factors affecting wound infection rate showed that there were three independent factors that reached statistical significance: the prophylactic antibiotic used; the type of hospital (public or private) in which the operation was performed, and the presence of a stoma at operation. The wound infection rate in those patients receiving tinidazole prophylaxis was more than twice that reported previously by the authors. The mortality in patients receiving ticarcillin prophylaxis was 1.5% compared to 9.2% in those receiving tinidazole prophylaxis (P less than 0.05). The clinical anastomotic leakage rate was similar in each antibiotic prophylactic group, 8.6% in those receiving ticarcillin and 7.3% in those receiving tinidazole.
开展了一项前瞻性随机单盲对照临床试验，以比较在择期结直肠手术中，使用对需氧菌和厌氧菌均有效的全身性抗生素进行预防性治疗与仅对厌氧菌有效的口服抗生素的效果。131例患者接受替卡西林治疗，130例患者接受替硝唑治疗。接受替卡西林预防性治疗的患者伤口感染率为8%，接受替硝唑治疗的患者伤口感染率为20%（P<0.05）。对影响伤口感染率的因素进行多变量分析显示，有三个独立因素具有统计学意义：所使用的预防性抗生素；进行手术的医院类型（公立或私立），以及手术时是否存在造口。接受替硝唑预防性治疗的患者伤口感染率比作者之前报道的高出两倍多。接受替卡西林预防性治疗的患者死亡率为1.5%，而接受替硝唑预防性治疗的患者死亡率为9.
