Han Ahreum, Fu Allan, Cobley Stephen, Sanders Ross H
Exercise & Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia.
Exercise & Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2018 Jan;21(1):89-102. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.07.001. Epub 2017 Jul 8.
Childhood obesity is negatively associated with fundamental movement skill and motor coordination, which in turn constrains physical activity participation and adherence thereby forming a 'vicious cycle'. However, developing motor skill and coordination in childhood could help to break the vicious cycle to reduce childhood obesity. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of exercise and physical activity interventions on improving fundamental movement skill and motor coordination in overweight/obese children and adolescents.
A systematic review with quality assessment.
A comprehensive systematic search was conducted from MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE without date restriction for randomized control trials, interventions or longitudinal studies of movement skill/motor skill/motor coordination in overweight/obese participants between 0-18 years of age. A total of 3944 publications were screened, and 17 published studies were included.
Altogether 38 tests for locomotor, object-control, balance and complex task tests were examined in selected studies, with 33 reporting increases after interventions, while only five tests indicated no change. The evidence strongly suggests that exercise/physical activity interventions were effective in improving locomotor skill, object-control skill and complex tasks in overweight/obese peers. However, the results for balance were equivocal.
Results from existing studies suggest overweight/obese peers have lower levels of fundamental movement skill than their healthy weight peers. However, exercise/physical activity interventions are effective in improving their skills. To maximize skill improvement, we recommend focused fundamental movement skill and motor coordination activities for skill development. These progressions in interventions may help break the vicious cycle of childhood obesity.
儿童肥胖与基本运动技能和运动协调性呈负相关，这反过来又限制了身体活动的参与和坚持，从而形成一个“恶性循环”。然而，在儿童时期发展运动技能和协调性有助于打破恶性循环，以减少儿童肥胖。本系统评价的目的是确定运动和身体活动干预对改善超重/肥胖儿童及青少年基本运动技能和运动协调性的有效性。
一项进行质量评估的系统评价。
在MEDLINE、SPORTDiscus、CINAHL、Scopus、Web of Science、EMBASE数据库中进行全面的系统检索，不限日期，检索0至18岁超重/肥胖参与者运动技能/运动技巧/运动协调性的随机对照试验、干预措施或纵向研究。共筛选了3944篇出版物，纳入17项已发表的研究。
在选定的研究中，共对38项关于 locomotor、物体控制、平衡和复杂任务的测试进行了检查，其中33项报告干预后有所提高，而只有5项测试表明没有变化。证据有力地表明，运动/身体活动干预对改善超重/肥胖同龄人中的locomotor技能、物体控制技能和复杂任务有效。然而，平衡方面的结果并不明确。
现有研究结果表明，超重/肥胖同龄人比体重正常的同龄人基本运动技能水平更低。然而，运动/身体活动干预对提高他们的技能是有效的。为了最大限度地提高技能，我们建议开展有针对性的基本运动技能和运动协调性活动以促进技能发展。这些干预措施的进展可能有助于打破儿童肥胖的恶性循环。
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