Garbeloto Fernando, Pereira Sara, Guimarães Eduardo, Maia José, Tani Go
Motor Behavior Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil.
Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
Sports (Basel). 2025 Jun 27;13(7):211. doi: 10.3390/sports13070211.
This study examined the temporal relationship between fundamental movement skills (FMSs) and sport-specific skills (SSSs) in children aged 7 to 10. Based on the premise that FMSs are the basis for sport skills, we implemented a 10-week intervention program targeting two FMSs (running and stationary dribbling) and one SSS (speed dribbling), followed by immediate and long-term assessments. Using a path-modeling approach, we tested two models: one examining whether FMSs were associated with sport skill performance at the same time point and another exploring whether this influence emerged over time. Results revealed significant FMS and SSS improvements immediately after the intervention program. However, significant associations between the FMSs and SSS emerged only at later time points (8 to 20 months post-intervention), suggesting the delayed influence of the FMSs on the SSS. These findings support that while FMSs are essential for developing more complex skills, their effect may not be immediately observable, emphasizing the importance of long-term follow-up. The results also align with theoretical models contending that proficiency in FMS and sustained practice opportunities are key to integrating fundamental and sport-specific motor skills and may represent an important foundation for public health initiatives advocating early FMS interventions as a strategy to promote lifelong physical activity and sustained engagement in sports.
本研究考察了7至10岁儿童的基本运动技能(FMS)与专项运动技能(SSS)之间的时间关系。基于FMS是运动技能基础这一前提,我们实施了一项为期10周的干预计划,针对两项FMS(跑步和原地运球)和一项SSS(快速运球),随后进行即时和长期评估。我们采用路径建模方法测试了两个模型:一个检验FMS是否在同一时间点与运动技能表现相关,另一个探究这种影响是否随时间出现。结果显示,干预计划结束后,FMS和SSS立即有显著改善。然而,FMS与SSS之间的显著关联仅在后期时间点(干预后8至20个月)出现,这表明FMS对SSS的影响具有延迟性。这些发现支持了这样的观点,即虽然FMS对于发展更复杂的技能至关重要,但其效果可能不会立即显现,这强调了长期随访的重要性。研究结果也与理论模型一致,这些模型认为FMS的熟练程度和持续的练习机会是整合基本运动技能和专项运动技能的关键,并且可能是公共卫生倡议的重要基础,这些倡议倡导早期FMS干预作为促进终身体育活动和持续参与运动的一种策略。