Szyjkowska Agata, Gadzicka Elżbieta, Szymczak Wiesław, Bortkiewicz Alicja
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera / Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Zakład Fizjologii Pracy i Ergonomii / Department of Work Physiology and Ergonomics).
Uniwersytet Łódzki / University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland (Zakład Metodologii Badań Psychologicznych i Statystyki / Department of Psychological Research Methodology and Statistics).
Med Pr. 2017 Jul 26;68(5):617-628. doi: 10.13075/mp.5893.00541. Epub 2017 Jul 12.
There are no available data on the health consequences that may result from the synergistic effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) and stress. Understanding the mechanisms of the simultaneous exposure will make it possible to develop procedures to minimize adverse health effects in professionals using mobile phones.
A questionnaire survey was conducted in 600 randomly selected people to obtain data on their health status and the prevalence of subjective symptoms related to the mobile phones using. Among them, there were 208 GSM Network employees, to whom the Perceived Stress Scale and Assessment of Stress at Work Questionnaire were sent. Eighty-nine completed questionnaires were returned (response rate - 42.8%).
The mean age of respondents was 30.3 years (standard deviation (SD) = 7.7), time of occupational use of mobile phone - 4.1 years (SD = 1.7), the level of occupational stress - 95.3 (SD = 19.1). A significant percentage of people (62.8%) complained of the frequent difficulties in coping with problems of everyday life, and 57.4% had a fairly frequent problems with managing their own affairs. Significant differences in the life stress were detected between groups with different time of phone use (p = 0.03), and in occupational stress level, significant differences were noted between the 2 groups differing in the length of the conversation (p = 0.05). The risk of headache, associated (odds ratio (OR) = 4.2, p = 0.008) or not associated (OR = 2.97, p = 0.04) with calls on mobile phone, adjusted for stress, was significantly higher in people speaking via mobile more than 60 min/day than in those talking less.
The study indicates that both stressors acting at the same time (EMF from cell phone and stress) adversely affect the well-being of workers and increase the risk of subjective symptoms. Med Pr 2017;68(5):617-628.
目前尚无关于电磁场（EMF）与压力协同作用可能导致的健康后果的数据。了解同时暴露的机制将有助于制定程序，以尽量减少使用手机的专业人员的不良健康影响。
对600名随机选取的人员进行问卷调查，以获取他们的健康状况以及与使用手机相关的主观症状患病率的数据。其中有208名GSM网络员工，向他们发放了感知压力量表和工作压力评估问卷。共收回89份完整问卷（回复率 - 42.8%）。
受访者的平均年龄为30.3岁（标准差（SD）= 7.7），职业使用手机时间为4.1年（SD = 1.7），职业压力水平为95.3（SD = 19.1）。相当比例的人（62.8%）抱怨在应对日常生活问题时经常遇到困难，57.4%的人在处理自己的事务时经常出现问题。在不同手机使用时间的组之间，生活压力存在显著差异（p = 0.03），在职业压力水平方面，通话时长不同的两组之间存在显著差异（p = 0.05）。在调整压力因素后，每天通过手机通话超过60分钟的人群中，与手机通话相关（优势比（OR）= 4.2，p = 0.008）或不相关（OR = 2.97，p = 0.04）的头痛风险显著高于通话时间较短的人群。
该研究表明，同时作用的两种应激源（手机产生的电磁场和压力）会对工人的幸福感产生不利影响，并增加主观症状的风险。《医学实践》2017年；68(5):617 - 628。
