Harris Michael S, Boyce Lauren, Pisoni David B, Shafiro Valeriy, Moberly Aaron C
*Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio †Speech Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana ‡Department of Communication Disorders and Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois.
Otol Neurotol. 2017 Oct;38(9):e308-e314. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000001514.
Enhancement of ESA is often discussed with patients with sensorineural hearing loss as a potential benefit of implantation and, in some cases, ESA may be a major motivating factor. Despite its ecological validity and patients' expectations, ESA remains largely a presumed skill. The relationship between ESA and speech recognition is not well-understood.
ESA was assessed in 35 postlingually deaf, experienced CI users and a control group of 41 age-matched, normal hearing listeners using the validated, computerized familiar environmental sounds test-identification (FEST-I) and a diverse speech recognition battery. Demographic and audiological factors as well as nonverbal intelligence quotient (IQ)/nonverbal reasoning and spectral resolution were assessed.
Six of the 35 experienced CI users (17%) demonstrated FEST-I accuracy within the range of the NH controls. Among CI users all correlations between FEST-I accuracy and speech recognition scores were strong. Chronological age at the time of testing, duration of deafness, spectral resolution, and nonverbal IQ/nonverbal reasoning were strongly correlated with FEST-I accuracy. Partial correlation analysis showed that correlations between FEST-I and speech recognition measures remained significant when controlling for the demographic and audiological factors.
Our findings reinforce the hypothesis that ESA and speech perception share common underlying processes rather than reflecting truly separate auditory domains.
1）经验丰富的成年人工耳蜗（CI）使用者的环境声音意识（ESA）与言语识别技能将高度相关，并且2）CI使用者的ESA技能将显著低于年龄匹配的听力正常的成年人。
对于感音神经性听力损失患者，常常会讨论增强ESA作为植入的潜在益处，在某些情况下，ESA可能是一个主要的推动因素。尽管其具有生态效度且符合患者期望，但ESA在很大程度上仍是一种假定的技能。ESA与言语识别之间的关系尚未得到很好的理解。
使用经过验证的计算机化熟悉环境声音测试-识别（FEST-I）和多样化的言语识别测试组，对35名语后聋、经验丰富的CI使用者以及41名年龄匹配、听力正常的对照组听众进行ESA评估。评估了人口统计学和听力学因素以及非言语智商/非言语推理和频谱分辨率。
35名经验丰富的CI使用者中有6名（17%）的FEST-I准确性在正常听力对照组的范围内。在CI使用者中，FEST-I准确性与言语识别分数之间的所有相关性都很强。测试时的实际年龄、耳聋持续时间、频谱分辨率和非言语智商/非言语推理与FEST-I准确性密切相关。偏相关分析表明，在控制人口统计学和听力学因素后，FEST-I与言语识别测量之间的相关性仍然显著。
我们的研究结果强化了这样一种假设，即ESA和言语感知共享共同的潜在过程，而不是反映真正独立的听觉领域。
